Invasion genetics of a freshwater mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) in eastern Europe: high gene flow and multiple introductions
Invasion genetics of a freshwater mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) in eastern Europe: high gene flow and multiple introductions
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东欧淡水贻贝（Dreissena rostriformis bugensis）的入侵遗传学：高基因流和多次引入
DOI：
10.1038/sj.hdy.6800691
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Daniel D. Heath
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Therriault;Marina I. Orlova;M. Docker;H. MacIsaac;Daniel D. Heath
近年来，原产于黑海北部第聂伯河和 Bug Limans 的斑驴 (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) 已通过人类活动扩散到整个盆地、伏尔加河水系的大部分地区以及劳伦森五大湖。我们使用六个已发表的微卫星标记来调查其本地和引入范围内的种群，以确定潜在来源种群和引入种群之间的关系。我们对欧亚大陆 12 个地点的贻贝进行了采样，其中包括里海中部和北美的一个地点（伊利湖）。对伏尔加河流域的实地调查表明，该物种首先在库比雪夫水库附近的河流中游定居，然后向上游和下游传播。观察到群体之间存在大量基因流动的证据，并且遗传多样性与未经历瓶颈或创始人效应的更大的集合群体一致。我们认为，可能由于多次入侵，高基因流促进了伏尔加河系统中斑驴贻贝种群的建立。里海种群（D. rostriformis rostriformis (=distincta)）在遗传上比其他种群更加独特，这一发现可能与栖息地差异有关。遗传分化的地理模式不是远距离隔离的特征，而是长距离传播的特征，很可能是通过商船压载水转移介导的。
In recent years, the quagga mussel, Dreissena rostriformis bugensis, native to the Dnieper and Bug Limans of the northern Black Sea, has been dispersed by human activities across the basin, throughout much of the Volga River system, and to the Laurentian Great Lakes. We used six published microsatellite markers to survey populations throughout its native and introduced range to identify relationships among potential source populations and introduced ones. Mussels from 12 sites in Eurasia, including the central Caspian Sea and one in North America (Lake Erie), were sampled. Field surveys in the Volga River basin suggested that the species first colonized the middle reach of the river near Kubyshev Reservoir, and thereafter spread both upstream and downstream. Evidence of considerable gene flow among populations was observed and genetic diversity was consistent with a larger, metapopulation that has not experienced bottlenecks or founder effects. We propose that high gene flow, possibly due to multiple invasions, has facilitated establishment of quagga mussel populations in the Volga River system. The Caspian Sea population (D. rostriformis rostriformis (=distincta)) was genetically more distinct than other populations, a finding that may be related to habitat differences. The geographical pattern of genetic divergence is not characteristic of isolation-by-distance but, rather, of long-distance dispersal, most likely mediated by commercial ships' ballast water transfer.