Rational design of novel red-shifted BRET pairs: Platforms for real-time single-chain protease biosensors.

Rational design of novel red-shifted BRET pairs: Platforms for real-time single-chain protease biosensors.
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DOI:
10.1002/btpr.144
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发表时间:
2009-03
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Piwnica-Worms, David
Piwnica-Worms, David
中科院分区:
工程技术4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gammon, Seth T.;Villalobos, Victor A.;Roshal, Mikhail;Samrakandi, Mustapha;Piwnica-Worms, David

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Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) systems to date have been dominated by use of blue-green Renilla luciferase (Rluc) as the light donor. While effective in many cases, the expense and unfavorable biochemical attributes of the substrate (phenylcoelenterazine) limit utility of Rluc-based BRET systems. Herein we report a series of novel BRET pairs based on luciferases that utilize D-luciferin, resulting in red-shifted photonic outputs, favorable biochemical attributes and increased efficacy. We developed a modified Förster equation to predict optimal BRET luciferase donor-fluorophore pairs and identified tdTomato as the optimal red fluorophore acceptor for click beetle green luciferase (CBG). A prototypical single-chain protease biosensor, capable of reporting on executioner caspase activity in live cells and in real-time, was generated by inserting a DEVD linker between CBG and tdTomato and validated in vitro with recombinant caspases and in cellulo with apoptosis-sensitive and -resistant cell lines. High signal-to-noise ratios (~33) and Z′ factors (0.85) were observed in live cell longitudinal studies, sufficient for high-throughput screening. Thus, we illustrate a general methodology for the rational design of new BRET systems and provide a novel single chain BRET protease biosensor that is long lived, red-shifted, and utilizes D-luciferin.
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