Tsunami waveform inversion incorporating permanent seafloor deformation and its application to tsunami forecasting

Tsunami waveform inversion incorporating permanent seafloor deformation and its application to tsunami forecasting
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结合永久海底变形的海啸波形反演及其在海啸预报中的应用

DOI:
10.1029/2011jb008877
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发表时间:
2012
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
H. Fujimoto
H. Fujimoto
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
H. Tsushima;R. Hino;Y. Tanioka;F. Imamura;H. Fujimoto

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[1]我们提出了一种海啸波形反演的方法,以准确地估计海啸源,将永久海底变形的影响记录的海底压力计(OBPG)的源区域内。我们开发了一个通用的表达水深波动记录在OBPG海底变形的任意时空分布。通过假设同震破裂以无限速度传播,一般表达式可以简化为一个方程,该方程将观测到的OBPG波形与震源处的初始海面位移相关联,方法是使用由两项组成的绿色函数:常规海啸反演中使用的绿色函数和一个校正项,用于解释永久海底变形引起的水深变化。通过使用两项绿色函数,海底变形的影响可以考虑在海啸源估计。我们应用修正的反演方法观测同震海底变形和海啸在2003年Tokachi-oki地震(Mw 8.3)在两个OBPG站附近的千岛海沟。我们估计的海啸源模型是一致的,以前使用各种其他地球物理数据集得出的模型。此外,我们模拟的沿海海啸波形与观测到的海啸波形吻合得很好。我们的方法可以预测海啸到达时间和第一个峰值的振幅在地震后20分钟,并可以提供给沿海社区最近的源的提前时间为10分钟。
[1] We propose a method of tsunami waveform inversion to accurately estimate a tsunami source by incorporating the effect of permanent seafloor deformation recorded by ocean-bottom pressure gauges (OBPGs) within the source region. We developed a general expression of water-depth fluctuation recorded at an OBPG following seafloor deformation of arbitrary spatiotemporal distribution. By assuming that coseismic rupture propagates with infinite velocity, the general expression can be reduced to an equation relating observed OBPG waveforms to initial sea-surface displacement at the source by using a Green's function consisting of two terms: the Green's function used in regular tsunami inversion and a correction term to account for water-depth change in response to permanent seafloor deformation. By using the two-term Green's functions, the effect of seafloor deformation can be taken into account in tsunami source estimation. We applied the revised inversion method to observations of coseismic seafloor deformation and tsunami during the 2003 Tokachi-oki earthquake (Mw 8.3) at two OBPG stations near the Kuril Trench. The tsunami source model we estimated is consistent with models previously derived using various other geophysical data sets. Furthermore, the coastal tsunami waveforms we modeled match the observed tsunami well. Forecasts of tsunami arrival times and first peak amplitudes by our method can be obtained 20 min after an earthquake, and can be provided to the coastal communities nearest to the source with a lead time of ∼10 min.
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发表时间: 2006
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