Surrogates for the study of norovirus stability and inactivation in the environment:: A comparison of murine norovirus and feline calicivirus
Surrogates for the study of norovirus stability and inactivation in the environment:: A comparison of murine norovirus and feline calicivirus
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DOI：
10.4315/0362-028x-69.11.2761
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Vinje, Jan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cannon, Jennifer L.;Papafragkou, Efstathia;Vinje, Jan
人类诺如病毒（NoV）是全球范围内急性非细菌性胃肠炎食物和水传播暴发的主要原因。由于缺乏这些病毒的哺乳动物细胞培养模型，对持久性、灭活和传播的研究仅限于可培养的病毒，包括猫杯状病毒（FCV）。最近，鼠诺如病毒1（MNV-1）的成功细胞培养的报道为研究者提供了人NoV的替代物。在这项研究中，我们比较了MNV-1与FCV的灭活概况，以确定MNV-1作为替代病毒的相关性。具体而言，我们评价了（i）暴露于极端pH值时的稳定性;（ii）暴露于有机溶剂时的稳定性;（iii）热灭活;以及（iv）在潮湿和干燥条件下的表面持久性。MNV-1在测试的整个pH范围（pH 2至10）内是稳定的，在pH 2下感染性降低小于1个对数，而FCV在pH值9下迅速灭活< 3 and >。FCV在56 ℃下比MNV-1更稳定，但两种病毒在63 ℃和72 ℃下表现出相似的失活。悬浮在粪便基质中并接种到不锈钢试样上的两种病毒的长期持久性在4 ° C下是相似的，但在室温下在溶液中，MNV-1比FCV更稳定。MNV-1与人NoV的遗传相关性结合其在胃pH水平下存活的能力使该病毒成为研究人NoV的环境存活的有希望和相关的替代物。
Human noroviruses (NoVs) are the leading cause of food- and waterborne outbreaks of acute nonbacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. As a result of the lack of a mammalian cell culture model for these viruses, studies on persistence, inactivation, and transmission have been limited to cultivable viruses, including feline calicivirus (FCV). Recently, reports of the successful cell culture of murine norovirus 1 (MNV-1) have provided investigators with an alternative surrogate for human NoVs. In this study, we compared the inactivation profiles of MNV-1 to FCV in an effort to establish the relevance of MNV-1 as a surrogate virus. Specifically, we evaluated (i) stability upon exposure to pH extremes; (ii) stability upon exposure to organic solvents; (iii) thermal inactivation; and (iv) surface persistence under wet and dry conditions. MNV-1 was stable across the entire pH range tested (pH 2 to 10) with less than 1 log reduction in infectivity at pH 2, whereas FCV was inactivated rapidly at pH values < 3 and > 9. FCV was more stable than MNV-1 at 56 degrees C, but both viruses exhibited similar inactivation at 63 and 72 degrees C. Long-term persistence of both viruses suspended in a fecal matrix and inoculated onto stainless steel coupons were similar at 4 degrees C, but at room temperature in solution, MNV-1 was more stable than FCV The genetic relatedness of MNV-1 to human NoVs combined with its ability to survive under gastric pH levels makes this virus a promising and relevant surrogate for studying environmental survival of human NoVs.