Speaking rate, voice-onset time, and quantity: The search for higher-order invariants for two Icelandic speech cues
Speaking rate, voice-onset time, and quantity: The search for higher-order invariants for two Icelandic speech cues
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语速、发声时间和数量：寻找两种冰岛语语音线索的高阶不变量
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Pind
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Pind
语音的时间结构已经被证明是高度可变的。语速、重音和其他因素会影响个别语音的时长。语言的高度弹性性质似乎给听者带来了一个问题，特别是在对语音起始时间(Vot)和数量等时间言语线索的感知方面：听者如何将那些在语言上具有重要意义的时间变化与语言信息之外的那些时间变化分开？本文报告了两种冰岛语音线索在不同语速下的行为数据。结果表明，对频率的操纵具有稍微模糊不送气和送气停顿之间的区别的效果。尽管元音和辅音的绝对时长有很大变化，但V：C和VC：这两类音节仍然是完全不同的。在两个知觉实验中发现，元音与押韵时长的比值是数量的主要线索，并且在不同的频率下保持不变，但对于vot则不能定义这样的比值。这些结果表明，数量是这两个语音线索中唯一一个对速率进行自归一化的。依赖于速率的语音处理模型需要解决这种差异。
The temporal structure of speech has been shown to be highly variable. Speaking rate, stress, and other factors influence the duration of individual speech sounds. The highly elastic nature of speech would seem to pose a problem for the listener, especially with respect to the perception of temporal speech cues such as voice-onset time (VOT) and quantity: How does the listener disentangle those temporal changes whicqh are linguistically significant from those which are extrinsic to the linguistic message? This paper reports data on the behavior of two Icelandic speech cues at different speaking rates. The results show that manipulations of rate have the effect of slightly blurring the distinction between unaspirated and aspirated stops. Despite great changes in the absolute durations of vowels and consonants, the two categories of syllables-V:C and VC:-are nonetheless kept totally distinct. In two perceptual experiments, it is shown that while the ratio of vowel to rhyme duration is the primary cue to quantity and remains invariant at different rates, no such ratio can be defined for VOT. These results imply that quantity is the only one of these two speech cues that is selfnormalizing for rate. Models of rate-dependent speech processing need to address this difference.