Public preferences for an attribution to government or to medical research versus unattributed messages in cigarette warning labels in Israel
Public preferences for an attribution to government or to medical research versus unattributed messages in cigarette warning labels in Israel
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DOI：
10.1207/s15327027hc1501_1
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Peleg, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guttman, N;Peleg, H
香烟警告标签的历史充满了争议，在许多情况下，出现在香烟包装上的官方禁烟警告是政治妥协的结果。尽管对这些警告标签的有效性有不同的结论，但仅仅因为它们的存在，它们就被视为一项具有成本效益的反吸烟措施，并被视为更广泛的反吸烟努力的重要组成部分。以色列卫生部在最近推出一系列新的警告标签的倡议中，一直在努力解决归属问题。烟草部为修订警告而成立的一个委员会决定对公众舆论进行调查，以指导其关于应将警告归因于谁的决定，并对抗烟草游说团体的反对。进行了两项调查：对成年人口的有限电话调查(n=1000)和对200名成年吸烟者的面对面调查。结果表明，几乎没有人支持非归因性警告，而当吸烟者收到实际的警告时，往往倾向于将其归因于“医学研究”。在某种程度上，不吸烟的人更倾向于将其归因于卫生部，他们解释说，卫生部“对这个话题负有责任”或“有权”。研究发现，归因偏好与教育程度有一定的关系。在两次调查中发现，轻度吸烟者的偏好之间存在差异，这表明偏好引出的方法可能起到重要作用。对归因偏好的讨论来自说服文献，并建议警告信息应与选定的来源相匹配。
The history of cigarette warning labels is fraught with dispute, and in many instances official anti-smoking warnings that appear on cigarette packets are the result of political compromise. Despite mixed findings on the effectiveness of these warning labels, they are viewed as a cost-effective anti-smoking measure by their mere presence and as an important part of larger anti-smoking efforts. Israel's Ministry of Health, in its recent initiative to introduce a new series-of warning labels, has grappled with the attribution issue. A committee established by the Ministry to revise the warnings decided to survey public opinion to guide its decision regarding to whom warnings should be attributed and to counter tobacco lobby oppositions. Two surveys were conducted: a limited phone survey of the adult population (n = 1000) and a face-to-face survey of 200 adult smokers. Findings indicate there was little support for unattributed warnings and that smokers, when presented with actual warnings, tended to favor the attribution to "medical studies." Nonsmokers were somewhat more likely to prefer an attribution to the Ministry of Health, explaining that it is "responsible for the topic" or "has the authority." Attributional preferences were found to be associated to some extent with educational level. Discrepancies found between preferences of light smokers across the 2 surveys suggest that the method of preference elicitation may play an important role. The discussion of the attributional preferences draws from the persuasion literature and it is suggested that warning messages should be matched with selected sources.