Weakened untuned gain control is associated with schizophrenia while atypical orientation-tuned suppression depends on visual acuity.
Weakened untuned gain control is associated with schizophrenia while atypical orientation-tuned suppression depends on visual acuity.
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DOI：
10.1167/jov.23.2.2
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发表时间：
2023-02-01
影响因子：
1.8
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中科院分区：
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知觉扭曲是精神病的核心特征。弱对比环绕抑制被认为是非典型感知体验的神经机制。虽然以前的工作已经测量抑制，要求参与者报告的高对比度包围的低对比度目标的感知对比度，它是可以调制感知对比度仅通过操纵的方向匹配的对比度中心和周围。去除对比度差异的自下而上的分割线索和隔离方向依赖性抑制可能会澄清精神病中非典型周围抑制的神经过程。我们检查了精神病性精神病理学范围内的周围抑制，包括精神分裂症患者（PSZ; N = 31）和双相情感障碍患者（PBD; N = 29），这些患者组的一级生物学亲属（PBDrel，PSZrel; N = 28，N = 21，分别）和健康对照组（N = 29）。PSZ表现出减少环绕抑制跨方向，虽然组间差异最小的条件下，产生最强的抑制。PBD和PSZrel表现出中等抑制，而PBDrel表现最相似的控制。有趣的是，视敏度调节了方向依赖性环绕抑制幅度的组间差异。一个模拟中，视敏度和/或焦点注意力与未调整的增益控制互动再现观察到的结果模式，包括缺乏组的差异时，中心和周围的方向是相同的。我们的研究结果进一步阐明了受损的中心-环绕加工在精神病的知觉机制，并提供洞察力的视觉敏锐度的影响，在PSZ的方向依赖性抑制。
Perceptual distortions are core features of psychosis. Weakened contrast surround suppression has been proposed as a neural mechanism underlying atypical perceptual experiences. Although previous work has measured suppression by asking participants to report the perceived contrast of a low-contrast target surrounded by a high-contrast surround, it is possible to modulate perceived contrast solely by manipulating the orientation of a matched-contrast center and surround. Removing the bottom-up segmentation cue of contrast difference and isolating orientation-dependent suppression may clarify the neural processes responsible for atypical surround suppression in psychosis. We examined surround suppression across a spectrum of psychotic psychopathology including people with schizophrenia (PSZ; N = 31) and people with bipolar disorder (PBD; N = 29), first-degree biological relatives of these patient groups (PBDrel, PSZrel; N = 28, N = 21, respectively), and healthy controls (N = 29). PSZ exhibited reduced surround suppression across orientations; although group differences were minimal at the condition that produced the strongest suppression. PBD and PSZrel exhibited intermediate suppression, whereas PBDrel performed most similarly to controls. Intriguingly, group differences in orientation-dependent surround suppression magnitude were moderated by visual acuity. A simulation in which visual acuity and/or focal attention interact with untuned gain control reproduces the observed pattern of results, including the lack of group differences when orientation of center and surround are the same. Our findings further elucidate perceptual mechanisms of impaired center-surround processing in psychosis and provide insights into the effects of visual acuity on orientation-dependent suppression in PSZ.