Seismic properties of the Longmen Shan complex: Implications for the moment magnitude of the great 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China

Seismic properties of the Longmen Shan complex: Implications for the moment magnitude of the great 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China
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龙门山杂岩体的地震特性:对 2008 年中国汶川大地震瞬间震级的影响

DOI:
10.1016/j.tecto.2012.06.018
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发表时间:
2012-09
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Salisbury, Matthew
Salisbury, Matthew
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang, Qian;Wang, Hongcai;Long, Changxing;Salisbury, Matthew

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2008 年 5 月 12 日发生的汶川地震是中国四川迄今为止报道的最大的活动构造事件。我们对来自龙门山杂岩体的 12 个代表性样品进行了高达 800MPa 的地震和弹性特性实验校准,这次大地震就是在龙门山杂岩体中发生的,其同震破裂成核和传播。大多数样品在高于微裂纹闭合压力 (Pc=200–300MPa) 的压力下表现出很小的 Vpor V 各向异性,因此各向异性随压力的变化为低于 Pc 的非线性多孔弹性区域中微裂纹的优选方向提供了重要提示。地热和流变剖面表明,震源深度(~19km)对应于裂变圈的底部,在该底部,龙门山杂岩从脆性行为转变为韧性行为。考察发现,龙门山地壳从地表到莫霍面由4层组成: 第1层:Vp<4.88km/s(厚0~3km,沉积岩,如石灰岩、砂岩、砾岩、泥岩);第 2 层:Vp=5.95–6.25km/s(25–28km 厚,长英质岩石);第3层:Vp=6.55km/s(10km厚,长英质67.5%,镁铁质32.5%);第 4 层:Vp=6.90km/s(8km 厚,20.0% 长英质岩和 80.0% 镁铁质岩)。计算出整个地壳的平均Vp/Vs比为1.71,泊松比为0.24,与远震接收函数技术测量的结果一致。这项研究还为该地区地震灾害评估和预报中强地震动的宽带模拟提供了必要的信息。此外,考虑到同震破裂倾角的变化以及同震破裂可能向下传播到主震震源深度以下的深度的不确定性,该研究得出了 7.9-8.0 的矩震级,首次对 2008 年汶川地震的震级进行了准确的量化。
The 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake is the largest active tectonic event reported to date in Sichuan (China). We have experimentally calibrated, up to 800MPa, seismic and elastic properties of 12 representative samples from the Longmen Shan complex in which this great earthquake took place and its coseismic ruptures nucleated and propagated. Most of the samples show little Vpor Vsanisotropy at pressures above the microcrack-closure pressure (Pc=200–300MPa), and so the variation of anisotropy with pressure provides important hints for the preferred orientation of microcracks in the nonlinear poroelastic regime below Pc. Geothermal and rheological profiles indicate that the focal depth (~19km) corresponds to the base of the schizosphere, below which the Longmen Shan complex switches from the brittle to ductile behavior. The investigation reveals that the crust of the Longmen Shan range consists of 4 layers from the surface to the Moho: Layer 1: Vp<4.88km/s (0–3km thick, sedimentary rocks such as limestone, sandstone, conglomerate, and mudstone); Layer 2: Vp=5.95–6.25km/s (25–28km thick, felsic rocks); Layer 3: Vp=6.55km/s (10km thick, 67.5% felsic and 32.5% mafic rocks); and Layer 4: Vp=6.90km/s (8km thick, 20.0% felsic and 80.0% mafic rocks). The average Vp/Vsratio of 1.71 or Poisson's ratio of 0.24 calculated for the whole crust is consistent with the results measured using teleseismic receiver function techniques. This study also offers necessary information for broadband simulations of strong ground motions in the assessment and forecast of earthquake hazards in the region. Furthermore, the study, which yields a moment magnitude of 7.9–8.0 given the variation in the dip of the coseismic ruptures and the uncertainty in the depth to which the coseismic rupture may propagate downwards below the depth of the mainshock hypocenter, presents the first accurate quantification of the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake's size.
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发表时间: 2016
期刊: --
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