Serological evidence of West Nile virus, Usutu virus and Sindbis virus infection of birds in the UK
Serological evidence of West Nile virus, Usutu virus and Sindbis virus infection of birds in the UK
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DOI：
10.1099/vir.0.19341-0
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gould, EA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Buckley, A;Dawson, A;Gould, EA
非洲黄病毒西尼罗河病毒（WNV）在整个北美的引入和快速传播，以及由于脑炎在鸟类、马、其他野生动物物种和人类中的高死亡率，引起了全世界的极大关注。乌苏图病毒是另一种黄病毒，于2001年开始流行，当时它被确定为导致奥地利鸟类数量下降的原因;此前，这种脑炎病毒仅在非洲的鸟类和蚊子中发现。辛德比斯病毒是一种引起关节炎的致病性甲病毒，广泛分布于非洲、欧洲、亚洲和澳大利亚，感染一系列节肢动物和脊椎动物，在遗传上与北美的脑炎病毒相关。目前没有证据表明这些病毒中的任何一种在英国引起疾病。在这里，病毒特异性中和抗体的存在下，在英国的居民和候鸟的血清中报告，这意味着这些病毒中的每一个被引入英国的鸟类，可能是由蚊子。这得到了核苷酸测序的支持，该测序在喜鹊和黑鸟的组织中鉴定出了三种略有不同的西尼罗河病毒RNA序列。在鸟类中检测到西尼罗河病毒的特异性中和抗体，为缺乏证据表明英国的鸟类数量比北美减少提供了一个合理的解释。讨论了在英国传播的这些病毒对人类和动物造成的潜在健康风险。
The introduction and rapid dispersal of the African flavivirus West Nile virus (WNV) throughout North America, and the high fatality rate due to encephalitis in birds, horses, other wildlife species and humans, has attracted major attention worldwide. Usutu virus, another flavivirus, came to prominence in 2001,when it was identified as the agent responsible for a drop in the bird population in Austria; previously this encephalitic virus was found only in birds and mosquitoes in Africa. Sindbis virus, a pathogenic alphavirus that causes arthritis, is widespread throughout Africa, Europe, Asia and Australia, infecting a range of arthropods and vertebrates and is genetically related to encephalitic viruses in North America. Currently there is no evidence that any of these viruses cause disease in the UK. Here the presence of virus-specific neutralizing antibodies is reported in the sera of resident and migrant birds in the UK, implying that each of these viruses is being introduced to UK birds, possibly by mosquitoes. This is supported by nucleotide sequencing that identified three slightly different sequences of WNV RNA in tissues of magpies and a blackbird. The detection of specific neutralizing antibodies to WNV in birds provides a plausible explanation for the lack of evidence of a decrease in the bird population in the UK compared with North America. The potential health risk posed to humans and animals by these viruses circulating in the UK is discussed.