Lead Environmental Pollution and Childhood Lead Poisoning at Ban Thi Commune, Bac Kan Province, Vietnam
Lead Environmental Pollution and Childhood Lead Poisoning at Ban Thi Commune, Bac Kan Province, Vietnam
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DOI：
10.1155/2018/5156812
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Pham Minh Khue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Doan Ngoc Hai;Lo Van Tung;Pham Minh Khue
铅中毒是世界许多地区的公共卫生问题。儿童接触铅的不良影响的风险特别高;即使在低浓度下，铅也会影响身体，精神和行为发育。居住在铅锌矿附近的儿童是环境铅中毒的高危人群，尤其是污染土壤。我们在越南北方的班迪公社进行了一项横断面描述性研究。195名3-14岁（平均：7.69 +/- 2.90）的儿童（参与率为92.9%）从村卫生合作者准备的所有儿童名单中随机选择。男109例（55.90%），女86例（44.10%）。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定了当地土壤铅含量和儿童血铅含量。结果表明，该地区土壤中的铅含量比美国环境保护局和越南标准高出许多倍（平均值为2980.23 ± 6092.84 mg/kg土壤干重（范围80.05 - 33820.62））。儿童的平均血铅水平为15.42 +/- 6.45 μ g/dL（95% CI：14.50 - 16.33 μ g/dL）。儿童铅含量>10微克/分升（根据越南卫生部，该值被认为是儿童铅中毒）的儿童占儿童总数的79.49%。在这项研究中，没有儿童的血铅水平（BLL），需要螯合治疗，根据越南卫生部的指南（BLL >45微克/分升）。有微弱的证据表明，铅暴露与儿童的身体发育有关。低铅浓度（低于10 μ g/dL）儿童的身高和体重分别为1.47-3.51 cm和1.19-2.81 kg，高于血铅浓度>10 μ g/dL的儿童（p > 0.05）。
Lead poisoning is a public health problem in many areas of the world. Children are at particularly high risk for adverse effects of lead exposure; even at low concentrations, lead can affect physical, mental, and behavioral development. Children living near lead-zincmines are at high risk for environmental lead poisoning, especially the contaminated soil. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study in Ban Thi Commune, northern Vietnam. 195 children (92,9% participation) aged 3-14 years old (average: 7.69 +/- 2.90) were randomly selected from a list of all children prepared by the village health collaborators. 109 (55.90%) were boys and 86 (44.10%) were girls. The research measures were the lead concentration in native soil and the children's total blood lead concentration determined by the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method. The results showed that lead content in soil was many times higher than American Environmental Protection Agency and Vietnam standards (average 2980.23 +/- 6092.84 mg/kg dry weight of soil (range 80.05 - 33820.62)). Average blood lead levels for children were 15.42 +/- 6.45 mu g/dL (95% CI: 14.50 - 16.33 mu g/dL). The percentage of children with lead levels >10 mu g/dL (value considered to be lead poisoning for children according to the Ministry of Health of Vietnam) was 79.49% of the total number of children. None of the children in this study had blood lead level (BLL) that required chelation treatment according to Vietnam MOH guideline (BLL >45 mu g/dL). There is weakly evidence that lead exposure relates to the physical development of children. Children with low lead concentrations (less than 10 mu g/dL) had height and weight of 1.47-3.51 cm and 1.19-2.81 kg, greater than those with BLL >10 mu g/dL (p > 0.05).