What's New in Shock, June 2021?
What's New in Shock, June 2021?
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2021 年 6 月《震撼》有哪些新内容？
DOI：
10.1097/shk.0000000000001800
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kozar,RosemaryA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zeineddin,Ahmad;Dong,Jing-Fei;Wu,Feng;Terse,Pranaya;Kozar,RosemaryA
这是我们的荣誉作者六月，“什么是新的休克”评论，因为我们有幸审查了一篇文章，从一个长期的休克成员，博士迈克尔杜比克，谁最近通过。我们感谢他对休克的奉献以及他对科学的许多重要贡献。由于脓毒症仍然是一种死亡率很高的疾病，也是我们杂志的一个重要焦点，这个月我们讨论了几篇关于脓毒症的文章，重点是先天免疫。创伤和脓毒症是导致持续性炎症、免疫抑制和卡他综合征（PICS）的疾病状态。虽然脓毒症和创伤后的急性炎症反应已经得到了很好的研究，但长期免疫抑制的机制在很大程度上还不清楚。在这个问题上，Bergmann et al. (1)提供了一个广泛的审查的贡献淋巴细胞的发展PICS。作者认为，调节性T细胞（T细胞）亚群的失衡决定了免疫抑制的发展。然后，他们解释了T细胞、先天性淋巴细胞、自然杀伤T细胞、TCR-α CD 4 CD 8双阴性T细胞和B细胞如何参与创伤和脓毒症中免疫功能障碍的发展。特别是，调节B细胞和细胞因子，白细胞介素-10（IL-10），转化生长因子β和IFN-γ的贡献进行了讨论。虽然目前还没有批准的药物用于治疗免疫功能障碍，但以下建议对治疗开发和免疫表型分析很重要：重症监护室动态免疫监测，使用一组生物标志物和功能测定确定免疫状态，基于免疫状态描述患者亚组，以及考虑重新利用自身免疫和癌症药物来治疗创伤和脓毒症后的免疫功能障碍。
It is our honor to author the June,“What's New in Shock” commentary as we have the privilege of reviewing an article from a longtime Shock member, Dr Michael Dubick, who recently passed. We thank him for his dedication to Shock as well as his many important contributions to science.As sepsis remains a disease with high mortality and an important focus of our journal, this month we discuss several articles on sepsis, with an emphasis on innate immunity. Trauma and sepsis are disease states that lead to persistent inflammation, immune suppression, and catabolism syndrome (PICS). While the acute inflammatory response that follows sepsis and trauma is well studied, the mechanisms governing prolonged immunosuppression are largely not understood. In this issue, Bergmann et al.(1) provide an extensive review on the contribution of lymphocytes to the development of PICS. The authors suggest that the imbalance of regulatory T cell (Tregs) subsets determines the development of immunosuppression. They then explain how Tregs, innate lymphoid cells, natural killer T cells, TCR-a CD4 CD8 double-negative T cells, and B cells participate in the development of immune dysfunction in trauma and sepsis. In particular, the contribution of regulatory B cells and the cytokines, interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor beta, and IFN-g is discussed. While there is still no approved drug for the treatment of immune dysfunction, the following were suggested as important to therapy development and immune-phenotyping: intensive care unit dynamic immune monitoring, determination of immunologic states using a panel of biomarkers and functional assays, description of patient subgroups based on immune status, and consideration of repurposing autoimmune and cancer drugs for treatment of immune dysfunction following trauma and sepsis.