Perceptions of measles, pneumonia, and meningitis vaccines among caregivers in Shanghai, China, and the health belief model: a cross-sectional study.
Perceptions of measles, pneumonia, and meningitis vaccines among caregivers in Shanghai, China, and the health belief model: a cross-sectional study.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12887-017-0900-2
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发表时间：
2017-06-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Zikmund-Fisher BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wagner AL;Boulton ML;Sun X;Mukherjee B;Huang Z;Harmsen IA;Ren J;Zikmund-Fisher BJ
在中国，麻疹疫苗是免费提供的，而肺炎球菌疫苗是收费疫苗。这种差异有可能影响照顾者如何评估疫苗对他们的孩子是否重要或必要，但目前尚不清楚健康行为模型，如健康信念模型，是否揭示了不同疾病的相同关联。本研究比较了照顾者对不同疾病（麻疹，肺炎和脑膜炎）的看法;并描述了健康信念模型构建与肺炎球菌疫苗接种和肺炎，麻疹和脑膜炎疫苗必要性之间的关联。从上海（n = 619）8个月至7岁的婴幼儿的照顾者完成了一项书面调查，他们的看法麻疹，肺炎和脑膜炎。我们使用逻辑回归模型来评估肺炎球菌疫苗接种和疫苗必要性的预测因素。只有25.2%的儿童接种了肺炎球菌疫苗，尽管大多数照顾者认为肺炎（80.8%）和脑膜炎（92.4%）以及麻疹（93.2%）疫苗的严重程度足以保证接种疫苗。安全性与肺炎球菌疫苗接种和疫苗必要性密切相关，非本地人的肺炎疫苗必要性比非本地人高1.70倍（95% CI：1.01，2.88）。无论疾病如何，大多数因素与疫苗的必要性有类似的关系，这表明中国护理人员如何决定哪些疫苗是必要的。由于更多的护理人员认为脑膜炎比肺炎需要疫苗，卫生保健工作者应强调肺炎球菌疫苗接种预防脑膜炎的能力。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12887-017-0900-2）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
In China, the measles vaccine is offered for free whereas the pneumococcal vaccine is a for-fee vaccine. This difference has the potential to influence how caregivers evaluate whether a vaccine is important or necessary for their child, but it is unclear if models of health behavior, such as the Health Belief Model, reveal the same associations for different diseases. This study compares caregiver perceptions of different diseases (measles, pneumonia and meningitis); and characterizes associations between Health Belief Model constructs and both pneumococcal vaccine uptake and perceived vaccine necessity for pneumonia, measles, and meningitis. Caregivers of infants and young children between 8 months and 7 years of age from Shanghai (n = 619) completed a written survey on their perceptions of measles, pneumonia, and meningitis. We used logistic regression models to assess predictors of pneumococcal vaccine uptake and vaccine necessity. Only 25.2% of children had received a pneumococcal vaccine, although most caregivers believed that pneumonia (80.8%) and meningitis (92.4%), as well as measles (93.2%), vaccines were serious enough to warrant a vaccine. Perceived safety was strongly associated with both pneumococcal vaccine uptake and perceived vaccine necessity, and non-locals had 1.70 times higher odds of pneumonia vaccine necessity than non-locals (95% CI: 1.01, 2.88). Most factors had a similar relationship with vaccine necessity, regardless of disease, indicating a common mechanism for how Chinese caregivers decided which vaccines are necessary. Because more caregivers believed meningitis needed a vaccine than pneumonia, health care workers should emphasize pneumococcal vaccination’s ability to protect against meningitis. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12887-017-0900-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.