Surface-Water Hydrodynamics and Regimes of a Small Mountain Stream-Lake Ecosystem
Surface-Water Hydrodynamics and Regimes of a Small Mountain Stream-Lake Ecosystem
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小型山涧湖泊生态系统的地表水动力学和动态
DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.03.006
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发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
W. Wurtsbaugh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Arp;M. Gooseff;M. Baker;W. Wurtsbaugh
河流和湖泊的水文学作为独立的生态系统得到了很好的研究；然而，很少考虑这些生态系统之间的水文联系的行为和影响。我们对美国爱达荷州锯齿山脉一个溪流-湖泊生态系统进行了为期3年的地表水动力学分析，以了解这种耦合的水生生态系统的水文行为。这一分析包括量化湖上和湖下的径流状况，湖泊、溪流和泛滥平原的扩张和收缩，以及下游对积雪融化和暴雨事件的响应。结果表明，无论是从水文还是从生态角度来看，湖上段和湖下段的流态指标都是相似的，但考虑河道通过能力和漫滩洪水的分析表明，湖下洪水的频率是上游河段的2倍，持续时间是上游河段的5倍。融雪径流期间，由于湖面上升了0.5米，湖面面积扩大了19%，滨海地带扩大了更大的比例。该湖对春季融雪期间的洪峰流量几乎没有影响，尽管与上游站相比，三角洲的进水口洪水强度较小。然而，在夏季大暴雨期间，当潜在的蓄水能力最大化时，湖泊强烈地减弱了湖泊下游的洪峰流量。该地区其他七个河流-湖泊生态系统的水位变化也显示出类似的变化范围。我们的结果为耦合的水生生态系统的水动力学行为提供了一个案例研究，并强调了考虑驱动水生生态系统的水文联系和相互作用的必要性。
The hydrology of streams and lakes has been well studied as separate ecosystems; however, the behavior and implications of hydrologic linkages between these ecosystems have been little considered. We analyzed the surface-water hydrodynamics of a stream–lake ecosystem for 3 years in the Sawtooth Mountains, Idaho, USA to understand how this coupled aquatic ecosystem behaved hydrologically. This analysis included quantifying streamflow regimes above and below the lake, the expansion and contraction of the lake, stream, and floodplain, and downstream responses to snowmelt and rainstorm events. Our results showed that flow regime metrics from both hydrology and ecology were similar between above and below-lake reaches, but analysis that considered channel capacity and overbank flooding showed 2× more frequent and >5× longer duration floods below the lake compared to upstream reaches. The lake surface area expanded by as much as 19% during snowmelt runoff because of a 0.5m rise in the lake level, and the littoral zone expanded by an even greater proportion. The lake had little influence on peakflows during spring snowmelt, though the inlet stream in the delta had a reduced flood magnitude compared to upstream stations. However, during large summer rainstorms when potential storage capacity was maximized, the lake strongly attenuated peakflows downstream from the lake. Water level changes at seven other stream–lake ecosystems in the region showed a similar range of variation. Our results provide a case study of how coupled aquatic ecosystems behave hydrodynamically and underscore the need to consider the hydrologic connections and interactions that drive aquatic ecosystems.