Nonconscious indirect inferences in encoding.
Nonconscious indirect inferences in encoding.
复制标题
编码中的无意识间接推理。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-3445.123.3.257
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Czyzewska,M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lewicki,P;Hill,T;Czyzewska,M
间接（传递）推理（即，如果A与B有关，B与C有关，则C与A有关）是思维和推理的普遍组成部分。本研究表明，在无意编码过程中也可以观察到至少在功能上类似于间接推理的机制。这两项研究遵循了相同的设计，并使用了先前无意识信息处理研究中测试的程序的修改版本（P. Lewicki et al，见record 1992-33878-001）。在第一个学习阶段，s获得了与变量A和B相关的编码算法。在第二个学习阶段，将变量A从材料中移除，用变量C代替，使s获得了第二种编码算法（与B和C相关）。与最初的研究一致，Ss没有意识到材料中存在任何一致性。在测试阶段的材料中，去掉变量B，要求Ss对变量A做出直观的判断。两个实验的数据都证实了Ss会隐含地得出间接推论（A基于C）的预期。这一过程是作为可能触发程序性知识的各种组成部分发展的机制之一进行讨论的。（PsycINFO数据库记录(c) 2016 APA，版权所有）
Indirect (transitive) inference (ie, if A is related to B, and B is related to C, then C is related to A) is a ubiquitous component of thinking and reasoning. This research demonstrates that a mechanism at least functionally similar to drawing indirect inferences can also be observed in unintentional processes of encoding. The 2 studies followed the same design and used modified versions of procedures tested in previous research on nonconscious information processing (P. Lewicki et al, see record 1992-33878-001). In the 1st learning phase, Ss acquired an encoding algorithm relating Variables A and B. In the 2nd learning phase, Variable A was removed from the material and replaced with Variable C, allowing Ss to acquire the second encoding algorithm (relating B and C). Consistent with the original studies, Ss were not aware that there were any consistencies in the material. In the testing phase material, Variable B was removed, and Ss were asked to make intuitive judgments regarding Variable A. The data from both experiments confirmed the expectation that Ss would implicitly draw indirect inferences (A on the basis of C). This process is discussed as 1 of the mechanisms that may trigger the development of various components of procedural knowledge.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)