Using Lorenz curves to assess public transport equity
Using Lorenz curves to assess public transport equity
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2011.02.008
复制
发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Currie, Graham
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Delbosc, Alexa;Currie, Graham
公平一直是提供公共交通的一个主要问题，许多国家的立法都要求公平。有几种办法衡量过境供应的公平性，但没有一种办法能简单地衡量整个系统的公平性。提出了一种利用洛伦兹曲线来衡量人口过境相对供应量的新方法。使用这种方法，基尼系数提供了衡量整体公平的单一指标。对墨尔本人口的整体交通供应进行的全系统评估。澳大利亚显示，70%的人口只分享19%的供应量(基尼系数=0.68)。当就业也被考虑在内时，情况并没有太大不同；70%的工作和人口共享23%的服务(G=.62)。为了了解垂直公平性，比较了不同年龄、不同收入和不同车辆拥有量人群的公交供给。有一些证据表明，墨尔本市中心的年轻人和低收入群体的交通供应量更高，在墨尔本所有地区，没有汽车的家庭生活在交通供应量较高的地区。总体而言，目前尚不清楚这些分配与其他城市的股权相比有多“公平”，因为这是第一次采用这种方法。采用类似办法的项目应为在城市之间建立相对公平提供良好的基础。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Equity has been a major concern of public transport provision and is required by legislation in many countries. Several approaches measure equity in transit supply however none produce a simple system-wide measure of equity performance. A new approach is presented using Lorenz curves to measure the relative supply of transit to the population. Gini coefficients provide a single measure of overall equity using this method. A system-wide assessment of overall transit supply to the population in Melbourne. Australia shows that 70% of the population shares only 19% of the supply (Gini coefficient = .68). When employment is also taken into account, the situation is not much different; 70% of jobs and population share 23% of service (G = .62). In order to gain some understanding of vertical equity, the transit supply was compared between different age, income and vehicle ownership groups. There is some evidence of higher supply for youth and low-income groups in inner Melbourne, and in all parts of Melbourne no-vehicle households lived in areas of higher transit supply. Overall it is unclear how "fair" these distributions are compared to equity in other cities since this is the first time this method has been undertaken. Projects using similar approaches should provide a good basis for establishing comparative equity between cities. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.