Test-retest reliability and stability of N400 effects: implications for the study of neuropsychiatric and cognitive disorders.
Test-retest reliability and stability of N400 effects: implications for the study of neuropsychiatric and cognitive disorders.
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N400 效应的重测可靠性和稳定性：对神经精神和认知障碍研究的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/j.clinph.2012.10.004
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Olichney,John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Olichney,John
由Kiang及其同事撰写的本期报告“词对语义启动范式中N400效应的重测信度和稳定性”对N400和事件相关电位（ERP）文献做出了重大贡献（Kiang等人，2013年）。在两个会议约1周间隔，16名正常参与者进行了词汇决策任务，以视觉呈现的单词对。研究结果表明，在1周的时间间隔内，N400振幅的重测信度较高，但不完美。在时间2的顶点（通道Cz）处的主要N400振幅测量值的~ 62%和~ 90%之间的方差可以由时间1的N400振幅解释（参见Kiang等人的表2和补充表S1，2013年）。此外，N400波幅和潜伏期均受时间影响。在时间2，较小的启动效应，观察到N400振幅，N400潜伏期和反应时间（RT）的措施。N400启动效应的幅度在会话2时平均小约1 μV，这主要是由于语义相关目标词的N400幅度增加。作者将启动效应的减弱归因于第二阶段的动机减弱，并指出其他重叠成分的调节也不能排除。一个合理的解释是，分配给刺激的注意力资源的减少可能会导致P300振幅的下降。或者，注意力或执行控制过程的变化可能会干扰重复会话期间激活语义相关项目的自动传播。这可能会导致N400成分的直接调制，增加相关词语引起的振幅。值得注意的是，作者没有发现明显的类似FN 400的效应，其中重复的不相关单词预计会由于熟悉相关的记忆过程而产生更积极的头皮电压。这并不奇怪，因为在会话之间已经过去了1周，并且采用了750 ms的相对较短的SOA。不幸的是，没有收集到参与者对实验刺激的回忆或熟悉程度的数据。尽管如此，这是一个重要而及时的报告，填补了N400文献中的空白。正如作者指出的那样，“本研究中的高重测可靠性……支持进一步探索它们作为临床疾病纵向治疗研究中潜在生物标志物的实用性。”
The report in the present issue authored by Kiang and colleagues,“Test–retest reliability and stability of N400 effects in a word-pair semantic priming paradigm”, makes a significant contribution to the N400 and event-related potential (ERP) literatures (Kiang et al., 2013). In two sessions approximately 1 week apart, 16 normal participants performed a lexical decision task to visually-presented word pairs. The study results demonstrate high, but imperfect, test–retest reliability on N400 amplitude over a 1 week interval. Between~ 62% and~ 90% of the variance in the main N400 amplitude measures at the vertex (channel Cz) at time 2 could be accounted for by the N400 amplitude at time 1 (see Table 2, and Supplementary Table S1 in Kiang et al., 2013). In addition, significant effects of time were found on both N400 amplitude and latency. At time 2, smaller priming effects were observed for N400 amplitude, N400 latency and response time (RT) measures. The amplitude of the N400 priming effect was, on average, approximately 1 μV smaller at session 2, due mostly to increased N400 amplitude to the semantically-related target words. The authors attributed the diminished priming effects to lessened motivation at session 2, and noted that modulations of other overlapping components also cannot be ruled out. One plausible explanation is that a decrease in the amount of attentional resources allocated to the stimuli may have produced a decrease in P300 amplitude. Alternatively, changes in attention or executive control processes may have interfered with the automatic spread of activation to semantically related items during the repeat session. This would presumably cause a direct modulation of the N400 component, augmenting the amplitude elicited by related words. It is interesting to note the authors did not find a significant FN400–like effect, wherein repeated unrelated words would be expected to produce more positive scalp voltages due to familiarity-related memory processes. This is not surprising, in that 1 week had elapsed between sessions, and a relatively short SOA of 750 ms was employed. Unfortunately, no data was collected on the participant’s recollection or familiarity for the experimental stimuli.Nonetheless, this is an important and timely report which fills a gap in the N400 literature. As the authors note,“The high test–retest reliability… in this study supports further exploration of their utility as a potential biomarker in longitudinal treatment studies of clinical disorders.”