Yellow fever
Yellow fever
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DOI：
10.1590/s0037-86822003000200012
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发表时间：
2003-04-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Vasconcelos, Pedro Fernando da Costa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vasconcelos, Pedro Fernando da Costa
黄热病是一种由虫媒病毒黄热病病毒引起的传染性和非传染性疾病.该病原体在灵长类动物和蚊子之间的丛林循环中维持，特别是非洲的伊蚊和美洲的血蝇和Sabethes。大约90%的感染是轻度或无症状的，而10%的过程中严重的临床表现，50%的病死率。黄热病主要分布在非洲，那里仍有城市流行病的报告。1970年至2001年期间，南美洲共报告了4543例病例，主要来自秘鲁（51.5%）、玻利维亚（20.1%）和巴西（18.7%）。该疾病通过血清学（免疫球蛋白M检测）、病毒分离、免疫组织化学和RT-PCR进行诊断。黄热病是一种人畜共患病，无法根除，但可以通过使用17 D疫苗预防。单次接种足以保护一个人至少10年，之后建议重新接种。本文更新了关于黄热病的主要概念以及疫苗的致命不良反应。
Yellow fever is and infectious and noncontagious disease caused by an arbovirus, the yellow fever virus. The agent is maintained in jungle cycles among primates as vertebrate hosts and mosquitoes, especially Aedes in Africa and Haemagogus and Sabethes in America. Approximately 90% of the infections are mild or asymptomatic, while 10% course to a severe clinical picture with 50% case fatality rate. Yellow fever is largely distributed in Africa where urban epidemics are still reported. Between 1970 and 2001, a total of 4543 cases are reported in South America, mostly from Peru (51.5%), Bolivia (20.1%) and Brazil (18.7%). The disease is diagnosed by serology (detection of immunoglobulin M), virus isolation, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Yellow fever is a zoonosis and cannot be eradicated, but it is preventable in man by using the 17D vaccine. A single dose is enough to protect an individual for at least 10 years, after which revaccination is recommended. This paper updates the main concepts about yellow fever as well as the fatal adverse effects of the vaccine.