How do aging and age-related hearing loss affect the ability to communicate effectively in challenging communicative conditions?
How do aging and age-related hearing loss affect the ability to communicate effectively in challenging communicative conditions?
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DOI：
10.1016/j.heares.2018.06.009
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发表时间：
2018-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Sheffield, Benjamin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hazan, Valerie;Tuomainen, Outi;Sheffield, Benjamin
本研究调查了老年人和年轻人产生的会话和清晰语音的可懂度与（a）他们语音的声学特征（B）沟通效果之间的关系。使用来自30名来自elderLUCID语料库的谈话者的语音样本：10名年轻人（YA），10名听力正常的老年人（OANH）和10名老年人与老年性耳聋（OAHL）。样本是从录音中提取的，而参与者完成了一个解决问题的合作任务（diapix）与对话伙伴谁可以听到他们很容易（NORM）或通过模拟听力损失（HLS），这导致说话者自然采取明确的说话风格。在噪声中的语音听力实验，涉及21个年轻的成年听众，语音样本OANH和OAHL被评为和认为是比那些YA谈话者的理解。HLS样本比NORM样本更容易理解，OA语音在各种条件下的可理解性有更大的改善。老年性耳聋的存在影响（a）OAHL说话者采用的清晰言语策略和（B）任务有效性：OAHL说话者表现出一些与发声努力增加一致的适应性，并且他们完成双尖任务所需的时间明显长于YA组。长期平均频谱的1-3 kHz频率区域中的相对能量是最佳预测的特征：（a）语音样本的可懂度，以及（B）HLS条件下的任务处理时间。总的来说，我们的研究表明，老年人产生的自发语音在牙牙学语噪声中不太容易理解，这可能是由于在1-3 kHz频率范围内富含声学线索的能量较少。即使是“健康老年”的成年人中的轻度老年性耳聋也会影响言语的动态适应，这对有效的沟通是有益的。(C)2018作者由爱思唯尔公司出版
This study investigated the relation between the intelligibility of conversational and clear speech produced by older and younger adults and (a) the acoustic profile of their speech (b) communication effectiveness. Speech samples from 30 talkers from the elderLUCID corpus were used: 10 young adults (YA), 10 older adults with normal hearing (OANH) and 10 older adults with presbycusis (OAHL). Samples were extracted from recordings made while participants completed a problem-solving cooperative task (diapix) with a conversational partner who could either hear them easily (NORM) or via a simulated hearing loss (HLS), which led talkers to naturally adopt a clear speaking style. In speech-in-noise listening experiments involving 21 young adult listeners, speech samples by OANH and OAHL were rated and perceived as less intelligible than those of YA talkers. HLS samples were more intelligible than NORM samples, with greater improvements in intelligibility across conditions seen for OA speech. The presence of presbycusis affected (a) the clear speech strategies adopted by OAHL talkers and (b) task effectiveness: OAHL talkers showed some adaptations consistent with an increase in vocal effort, and it took them significantly longer than the YA group to complete the diapix task. The relative energy in the 1-3 kHz frequency region of the long-term average spectrum was the feature that best predicted: (a) the intelligibility of speech samples, and (b) task transaction time in the HLS condition. Overall, our study suggests that spontaneous speech produced by older adults is less intelligible in babble noise, probably due to less energy present in the 1-3 kHz frequency range rich in acoustic cues. Even mild presbycusis in 'healthy aged' adults can affect the dynamic adaptations in speech that are beneficial for effective communication. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.