The effects of aging and divided attention on memory for item and associative information
The effects of aging and divided attention on memory for item and associative information
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.18.4.873
复制
发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Craik, FIM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castel, AD;Craik, FIM
本研究探讨了年龄和注意力分配对项目记忆和联想记忆的影响。在全注意条件下工作的老年人和年轻人以及在分散注意条件下工作的年轻人研究了不相关的单词对。对项目信息的记忆是通过对第二个单词的识别来测量的，而对整个单词的识别则测量了关联信息。老年人在全注意条件下和年轻人在分散注意条件下的表现比年轻人在全注意条件下更差，与关联信息的赤字大于项目信息的赤字。此外，一个差异更大的关联递减被发现为老年人，他们的高度倾向于使假警报反应重新配对（连接）分心。研究结果从与年龄相关的处理资源减少以及老年人对联想识别记忆中熟悉性的依赖与年龄相关的增加的角度进行了讨论。
The present study examined how aging and divided attention influence memory for item and associative information. Older adults and younger adults working under full-attention conditions and younger adults working under divided-attention conditions studied unrelated word pairs. Memory for item information was measured by later recognition of the 2nd word in the pair, and associative information was measured by recognition of the entire pair. Both older adults in the full-attention condition and younger adults in the divided-attention condition performed more poorly than younger adults in the full-attention condition, with the deficit in associative information being greater than the deficit in item information. In addition, a differentially greater associative decrement was found for the older adults, as shown by their heightened tendency to make false-alarm responses to re-paired (conjunction) distractors. The results are discussed in terms of an age-related reduction in processing resources compounded by an age-related increase in older adults' reliance on familiarity in associative recognition memory.