Wetland conversion to cropland alters the microbes along soil profiles and over seasons
Wetland conversion to cropland alters the microbes along soil profiles and over seasons
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DOI：
10.1016/j.catena.2022.106282
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发表时间：
2022-07
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Xinhao Zhu;Fenghui Yuan;Liyuan He;Ziyu Guo;Nannan Wang;Yunjiang Zuo;Jianzhao Liu;Kexin Li;Yihui Wang;Ying Sun;L. Zhang;C. Song;Yanyu Song;Chao Gong;Yowhan Son;D. Guo;Xiaofeng Xu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Xinhao Zhu;Fenghui Yuan;Liyuan He;Ziyu Guo;Nannan Wang;Yunjiang Zuo;Jianzhao Liu;Kexin Li;Yihui Wang;Ying Sun;L. Zhang;C. Song;Yanyu Song;Chao Gong;Yowhan Son;D. Guo;Xiaofeng Xu
土壤微生物驱动碳 (C) 和养分的生物地球化学循环，土地转化会改变土壤微生物，从而影响生态系统层面的碳和养分循环。为了评估湿地开垦对沿土壤剖面和季节的微生物的影响，从中国东北三江平原的天然湿地和连续耕种了 23 年的邻近农田中收集了土壤芯（0-100 厘米）。湿地转化为农田一般使沿土壤剖面的微生物丰度在四个季节（春季5月、夏季7月、秋季10月和冬季12月）均质化，而垂直均质化夏季最强，冬季最弱。经过 23 年的耕作，表层土壤中真菌和细菌的丰度分别显着减少约 90% 和 80%，而中层和深层土壤中细菌丰度增加，真菌丰度下降，这表明耕作对微生物群落结构的影响因土层而异。与湿地相比，农田中深层土壤的总磷脂脂肪酸秋冬季节增加了约60%~367%，春夏季节增加了30%~137%。湿地开垦在冬季、春季和夏季抑制了表层土壤的微生物多样性，但在秋季则刺激了这种多样性，表明新鲜凋落物碳的输入显着增强了微生物多样性。微生物丰度和群落结构的量化显示了湿地开垦对沿土壤剖面和季节的微生物的不均匀影响，这为模拟季节性尺度深层土壤中微生物对碳循环的作用的基准模型提供了有价值的信息。
Soil microbes drive biogeochemical cycles of carbon (C) and nutrients, and land conversion alters soil microbes and thus, affects C and nutrient cycling at the ecosystem level. To evaluate the impacts of wetland reclamation on microbes along soil profiles and over seasons, soil cores (0–100 cm) were collected from a natural wetland and an adjacent cropland that has been continuously cultivated for 23 years in the Sanjiang Plain, northeastern China. Wetland conversion to cropland generally homogenized the microbial abundance along the soil profiles in four seasons (May of spring, July of summer, October of autumn, and December of winter), while the vertical homogenization was the strongest in summer and weakest in winter. After 23 years of cultivation, the abundances of fungi and bacteria in surface soils were significantly reduced by approximately 90% and 80%, respectively, whereas the bacterial abundances increased and fungal abundances decreased in middle and deep soils, suggesting that cultivation impacts on microbial community structure varied along soil layers. Compared to the wetland, total phospholipid fatty acids in the middle and deep soils of the cropland were enhanced by approximately 60–367% in autumn and winter and 30–137 % in spring and summer. Wetland reclamation suppressed the microbial diversity in the surface soils in winter, spring, and summer but stimulated that in autumn, indicating robust enhancements on microbial diversity by the inputs of fresh litter C. The quantifications of microbial abundance and community structure showed the non-uniform impacts of wetland reclamation on microbes along the soil profile and over seasons, which provides valuable information for benchmarking models in simulating microbial roles on C cycling in deep soils at the seasonal scale.