A comparison of Autism Spectrum Disorder DSM-IV criteria and associated features among African American and white children in Philadelphia County
A comparison of Autism Spectrum Disorder DSM-IV criteria and associated features among African American and white children in Philadelphia County
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DOI：
10.1016/j.dhjo.2011.08.002
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Levy, Susan E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sell, Neelam Kharod;Giarelli, Ellen;Levy, Susan E.
背景：在白人和非裔美国儿童中，自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的诊断时间和类型存在种族差异。不同种族的临床表现差异可能是造成这些差异的原因之一。这项研究探索了非裔美国人和白人儿童在ASD核心症状和相关行为特征方面的记录差异。方法：该项目是宾夕法尼亚州自闭症和发育障碍监测计划的二次数据分析，利用方法学评估现有的记录、综述和DSM-IV ASD标准和12个相关行为特征的代码。样本包括343名符合ASD监测病例定义的儿童，来自费城的3个基于人口的儿童队列。结果：与非裔美国儿童相比，患有ASD的白人儿童的比例更高，他们记录了DSM-IV标准，即不灵活地遵守非功能性例程/仪式(92%比81%；p=.005)和持续专注于部分物体(67%比50%；p=.002)。患有自闭症的白人儿童与患有自闭症的非裔美国儿童相比，有更高的频率记录到运动发育异常(74%比60%；p=.008)和对感觉刺激的奇怪反应(76%比51%；p<；.001)。在外化行为或相互的社会互动方面没有显著差异。结论：本研究表明，与患有ASD的白人儿童相比，非裔美国人表现出不同的ASD症状类型和相关行为特征。需要进一步的研究来确定这些差异是否会导致ASD诊断的时间或类型的差异。(C)2012 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Background: Racial differences are documented in the timing and type of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis among white and African American children. Differences in clinical presentation by race may contribute to these disparities. This study explores documented differences in core ASD symptoms and associated behavioral features among African American and white children.Methods: This project is a secondary data analysis from the Pennsylvania Autism and Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program and utilized methodology that evaluates existing records, reviews, and codes for DSM-IV criteria for ASD and 12 associated behavioral features. The sample comprised 343 children meeting surveillance case definition for ASD, from 3 population-based cohorts of children in Philadelphia County.Results: A higher frequency of white children compared to African American children with ASD have documented DSM-IV criteria of inflexible adherence to nonfunctional routines/rituals (92% vs 81%; p = .005) and persistent preoccupation with parts of objects (67% vs 50%; p = .002). A higher frequency of white children with ASD compared to African American children with ASD have documented abnormal motor development (74% vs 60%; p = .008) and odd responses to sensory stimuli (76% vs 51%; p < .001). There were no significant differences in externalizing behaviors or reciprocal social interaction.Conclusions: This study suggests differences in the types of ASD symptoms and associated behavioral features exhibited by African American as compared to white children with ASD. Further research is needed to determine if these differences contribute to disparities in the timing or type of ASD diagnosis. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.