Mortality of workers employed in two asbestos cement manufacturing plants.
Mortality of workers employed in two asbestos cement manufacturing plants.
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DOI：
10.1136/oem.44.3.161
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发表时间：
1987-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Hughes;H. Weill;Y. Hammad
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Hughes;H. Weill;Y. Hammad
在一项对新奥尔良两家石棉水泥制品制造厂6931名雇员的死亡率经历的研究中，95%以上的人被追踪。温石棉是这两种植物使用的主要纤维。1号工厂也使用少量的亚铁矾，后来不定期地使用青橄榄石，而2号工厂在管道生产中稳定地使用青橄榄石。根据额外的空气采样数据和对这些数据的重新评估，修订了以前报告的暴露浓度估计值。两家工厂的工人工作时间相似（总体平均3.8年），估计暴露浓度（平均每立方英尺760万颗粒）。这些植物的死亡率相似，与路易斯安那州所有原因的死亡率相当，包括非恶性原因和除肺癌以外的特定部位的原发性癌症。两家工厂的短期工人患肺癌的风险都有所增加，但长期工人患肺癌的风险有所不同——例如，1号工厂工作一年以上的工人患肺癌的风险没有增加（观察到16人，预期17.2人），但2号工厂的工人患肺癌的风险明显增加（观察到52人，预期28.9人，p < 0.001）。在排除短期工人后，2号厂的肺癌风险与估计的累积石棉暴露量呈显著趋势；使用1.4纤维/ml = 1 mppcf的转换，线的斜率为0.0076。植物1的斜率为0.0003。在所有工人（6931人，加上167名早期雇员）中，到1984年发生了10例间皮瘤：2例来自1号厂，8例来自2号厂。在2号工厂，病例对照分析发现间皮瘤风险与工作时间（p < 0.01）和在管道区域工作的时间比例（p < 0.01）之间存在关联，从而进一步证明青石棉比温石棉患间皮瘤的风险更高。对8组石棉水泥工人的死亡率进行了回顾。
In a study of the mortality experience of 6931 employees of two New Orleans asbestos cement products manufacturing plants over 95% were traced. Chrysotile was the primary fibre used in both plants. Plant 1 also used small amounts of amosite and, later, crocidolite irregularly whereas plant 2 used crocidolite steadily in pipe production. Previously reported exposure concentration estimates were revised, based on additional air sampling data and re-evaluation of these data. Workers in the two plants had similar duration of employment (overall, a mean of 3.8 years) and estimated exposure concentration (a mean of 7.6 million particles per cubic foot (mppcf)). Mortality was similar for these plants and comparable with Louisiana rates for all causes combined, nonmalignant causes, and primary cancers of specified sites other than lung. Short term workers from both plants showed raised and similar risk of lung cancer, but risk among longer term workers differed--for example, for workers employed over one year there was no excess in plant 1 (16 observed, 17.2 expected) but a significant excess in plant 2 (52 observed, 28.9 expected, p less than 0.001). After excluding short term workers, risk of lung cancer in plant 2 showed a significant trend with estimated cumulative asbestos exposure; using a conversion of 1.4 fibres/ml = 1 mppcf, the slope of the line was 0.0076. The slope for plant 1 was 0.0003. Among all workers (the 6931, plus 167 early employees) ten mesotheliomas had occurred up to 1984: two from plant 1, eight from plant 2. In plant 2 a case-control analysis found a relation between risk of mesothelioma and duration of employment (p less than 0.01) and proportion of time spent in the pipe area (p less than 0.01), thus adding to the evidence of a greater risk of mesothelioma from crocidolite than chrysotile asbestos. A review of the mortality findings of eight cohorts of asbestos cement workers is presented.