Mechanical regulation of actin network dynamics in migrating cells
Mechanical regulation of actin network dynamics in migrating cells
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DOI：
10.1299/jbse.5.186
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Okeyo;T. Adachi;M. Hojo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Okeyo;T. Adachi;M. Hojo
细胞迁移是各种生理过程的基础，包括转移、伤口愈合和组织发育。涉及细胞迁移的复杂过程;聚合，粘附和收缩，由肌动蛋白细胞骨架结构内发生的高度协调的结构-功能相互作用介导。因此，了解迁移细胞如何调节其细胞骨架成分的全局动力学，这是由于相当局部的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用，是阐明细胞运动机制的基础。本文就肌动蛋白网络在细胞迁移中的力学调控机制及其在细胞迁移中的作用进行综述。具体来说，我们研究了细胞迁移中涉及的各种机械力，以及它们如何与生物力学因素耦合，以时空调节细胞运动过程中肌动蛋白细胞骨架的动态。肌动蛋白网络动力学的两个方面得到解决，即，网络营业额的聚合和解聚，并导致肌动球蛋白活性的网络流量。我们开始强调迁移细胞中肌动蛋白网络动力学的基本特征。然后，我们研究肌动蛋白网络流和牵引力之间的耦合关系，以及肌动蛋白网络流调节牵引力的机制。最后，我们将各种运动过程整合到一个机械通路中，以阐明肌动蛋白网络动力学的机械调节对细胞迁移的重要性。
Cell migration is fundamental to various physiological processes, including metastasis, wound healing and tissue development. The complex processes involved in cell migration; polymerization, adhesion, and retraction, are mediated by highly orchestrated structure-function interactions that occur within the actin cytoskeletal structure. Thus understanding how migrating cells regulate the global dynamics of their cytoskeletal components, which result from rather localized protein-protein interactions, is fundamental to elucidating the mechanisms of cell motility. The objective of this review is to explore the mechanical regulation of actin network dynamics in migrating cells, and to discuss its regulatory role in cell migration. Specifically, we examine the various mechanical forces involved in cell migration, and how they couple with biomechanical factors to spatiotemporally regulate the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton during cell motility. Two aspects of actin network dynamics are addressed, namely, network turnover by polymerization and depolymerization, and network flow resulting from actomyosin activity. We begin by highlighting the fundamental features of actin network dynamics in migrating cells. We then examine the coupling relationship between actin network flow and traction forces, as well as the mechanism underlying the regulation of traction forces by actin network flow. Finally, we integrate the various motility processes into a mechanical pathway in order to elucidate the importance of mechanical regulation of actin network dynamics to cell migration.