The Association of Minority Self-Rated Health with Black versus White Gentrification
The Association of Minority Self-Rated Health with Black versus White Gentrification
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DOI：
10.1007/s11524-016-0087-0
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Barton, Michael S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gibbons, Joseph;Barton, Michael S.
关于城市中产阶级化对少数群体福祉的影响存在争议。一些人指责中产阶级化造成了居住在社区的弱势少数群体的健康差距，这些社区由于这些社会经济变化而发生变化。过去的学术研究表明，对与绅士化有关的流离失所和社会孤立的恐惧导致少数民族健康状况较差。然而，缺乏将中产阶级化与少数族裔健康结果直接联系起来的研究。我们从2008年费城健康管理公司的宾夕法尼亚州东南部家庭健康调查和人口普查数据从2000年十年一次的人口普查和2006-2010年美国社区调查的个人数据来解决这个差距。我们实施逻辑多层次模型，以确定是否以及如何居民的自我评价的健康受到他们的社区中产阶级化。我们发现，虽然中产阶级化确实有一个边际效应，改善自我评价的健康为社区居民的整体，它导致更糟糕的健康结果为黑人。考虑到种族变化，虽然中产阶级化导致白色人口增加对少数民族健康没有可衡量的影响，但“黑人中产阶级化”导致黑人受访者的健康结果略差。这些结果表明，社区社会经济特征的改善在抵消少数民族健康差距方面具有局限性。
There exists controversy as to the impact gentrification of cities has on the well-being of minorities. Some accuse gentrification of causing health disparities for disadvantaged minority populations residing in neighborhoods that are changing as a result of these socioeconomic shifts. Past scholarship has suggested that fears of displacement and social isolation associated with gentrification lead to poorer minority health. However, there is a lack of research that directly links gentrification to minority health outcomes. We address this gap with individual data from the 2008 Philadelphia Health Management Corporation's Southeastern Pennsylvania Household Health Survey and census tract data from the 2000 Decennial Census and the 2006-2010 American Community Survey. We implement logistic multilevel models to determine whether and how a resident's self-rated health is affected by gentrification of their neighborhoods. We find that while gentrification does have a marginal effect improving self-rated health for neighborhood residents overall, it leads to worse health outcomes for Blacks. Accounting for racial change, while gentrification leading to increases in White population has no measurable effect on minority health, "Black gentrification" leads to marginally worse health outcomes for Black respondents. These results demonstrate the limitations that improvements of neighborhood socioeconomic character have in offsetting minority health disparities.