Domain-specific impairment in cognitive control among remitted youth with a history of major depression.
Domain-specific impairment in cognitive control among remitted youth with a history of major depression.
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DOI：
10.1111/eip.12253
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Langenecker SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peters AT;Jacobs RH;Crane NA;Ryan KA;Weisenbach SL;Ajilore O;Lamar M;Kassel MT;Gabriel LB;West AE;Zubieta JK;Langenecker SA
神经心理功能障碍在重度抑郁障碍(MDD)中很常见，但尚不清楚这些缺陷与MDD的风险(例如，特征)、疤痕、负担或状态影响有多大程度的关联。这项研究的目的是使用神经心理学测量，包括言语流利性、处理速度、注意力、定势转移和认知控制等因素的分数，在有MDD病史的年轻、缓解期、未服用药物的早期病程个体中，希望确定MDD的假定特征标记。在两个时间点对18~23岁的MDD缓解期青年(rMDD；n=62)和健康对照组(HC；n=43)进行神经心理测试。它们来自执行功能的四个领域，与之前的文献一致，被认为是MDD受损；语言流畅性和加工速度，概念推理和定势转移，干扰解决的加工速度，以及认知控制。随着时间的推移，rMDD青少年在语言流畅性和处理速度、干扰解决处理速度以及概念推理和集合转换方面的表现与健康对照组相当。患有rMDD的个体在时间1表现出认知控制的相对减退，并且比HC参与者更稳定。MDD的特征可能是调节困难，与活跃的情绪状态或症状波动无关。认知控制缺陷可能代表MDD的特征、脆弱性或早期病程疤痕，这可能被证明是二级预防或早期补救的可行目标
Impairment in neuropsychological functioning is common in major depressive disorder (MDD), but it is not clear to what degree these deficits are related to risk (e.g., trait), scar, burden, or state effects of MDD. The objective of this study was to use neuropsychological measures, with factor scores in verbal fluency, processing speed, attention, set-shifting, and cognitive control in a unique population of young, remitted, un-medicated, early course individuals with a history of MDD in hopes of identifying putative trait markers of MDD. Youth aged 18-23 in remission from MDD (rMDD; n = 62) and healthy controls (HC; n = 43) were assessed with neuropsychological tests at two time points. These were from four domains of executive functioning, consistent with previous literature as impaired in MDD; verbal fluency and processing speed, conceptual reasoning and set-shifting, processing speed with interference resolution, and cognitive control. rMDD youth performed comparably to healthy controls on verbal fluency and processing speed, processing speed with interference resolution, and conceptual reasoning and set-shifting, reliably over time. Individuals with rMDD demonstrated relative decrements in cognitive control at Time 1, with greater stability than HC participants. MDD may be characterized by regulatory difficulties that do not pertain specifically to active mood state or fluctuations in symptoms. Deficient cognitive control may represent a trait vulnerability or early course scar of MDD that may prove a viable target for secondary prevention or early remediation