REDUCED ABUNDANCE OF IXODES-SCAPULARIS (ACARI, IXODIDAE) AND LYME-DISEASE RISK BY DEER EXCLUSION
REDUCED ABUNDANCE OF IXODES-SCAPULARIS (ACARI, IXODIDAE) AND LYME-DISEASE RISK BY DEER EXCLUSION
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DOI：
10.1093/jmedent/30.6.1043
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发表时间：
1993-11-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
SCHWARTZ, I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
DANIELS, TJ;FISH, D;SCHWARTZ, I
在纽约州韦斯特切斯特县的五个地点，研究了鹿的圈闭对美国东部传播莱姆病的未成熟硬蜱肩胛虫数量的影响。研究区域的面积从6公顷到101公顷不等，其中鹿被围绕在每个地点周围的2.4米高的栅栏隔绝了25年。在研究期间，总共对40,506米(2)的面积进行了拖拽采样，以测量扁虱的丰度。若虫密度(每1,000米(2))围栏内平均为4.6(1.3-9.6)，围栏外为27.7(7.3-79.4)。围栏内幼虫密度平均为36.7%(1.2-132.1)，围栏外为354.4(7.5%-914.5)。围栏与围栏附近区域的比较显示，围栏内寻找寄主的若虫和幼虫的数量分别减少了83%和90%。围栏内的扁虱数量并不总是随着距离围栏的增加而下降。围栏内(20%，n=50)和围栏外(26%，n=50)采集的寻找宿主硬蜱的伯氏疏螺旋体感染率(20%，n=50)相比，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。圈养鹿可以提供一种方法，在相对较大的区域显著减少肩周炎的丰度和莱姆病的风险，而不需要减少或消除鹿的数量。
The effect of deer exclosures upon the numbers of immature Ixodes scapularis Say, the vector of Lyme disease in the eastern United States, was examined at five sites in Westchester County, NY. Study areas ranged in size from 6 to 101 ha where deer had been excluded for a period of 25 yr by >2.4-m-high fencing that surrounded each site. A total area of 40,506 m(2) was drag-sampled during the study to measure tick abundance. Nymphal densities (ticks per 1,000 m(2)) averaged 4.6 (range, 1.3-9.6) inside exclosures and 27.7 (range, 7.3-79.4) outside. Larval densities averaged 36.7 (range, 1.2-132.1) inside exclosures and 354.4 (range, 7.5-914.5) outside. Comparisons between exclosure sites and outside areas immediately adjacent to the exclosure fence, where deer had unrestricted access, revealed that exclosures had 83% fewer host-seeking nymphs and 90% fewer host-seeking larvae. Tick numbers inside exclosures did not always decline with increasing distance from the fence. There was no significant difference in the rate of Borrelia burgdorferi Johnson, Schmid, Hyde, Steigerwalt & Brenner infection for host-seeking ticks collected inside (20%, n = 50) exclosures compared with ticks collected outside (26%, n = 50) exclosures. Deer fencing may provide a means of significantly reducing the abundance of I. scapularis and the risk of Lyme disease in relatively large areas without the need to reduce or eliminate the deer population.