Mechanisms of Autoantibody-Induced Pathology.
Mechanisms of Autoantibody-Induced Pathology.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2017.00603
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Nimmerjahn F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ludwig RJ;Vanhoorelbeke K;Leypoldt F;Kaya Z;Bieber K;McLachlan SM;Komorowski L;Luo J;Cabral-Marques O;Hammers CM;Lindstrom JM;Lamprecht P;Fischer A;Riemekasten G;Tersteeg C;Sondermann P;Rapoport B;Wandinger KP;Probst C;El Beidaq A;Schmidt E;Verkman A;Manz RA;Nimmerjahn F
自身抗体常见于健康人。在这些人中的一小部分，它们会导致自身免疫性疾病的表现，如类风湿性关节炎或Graves病。总体而言，超过2.5%的人口受到自身抗体驱动的自身免疫性疾病的影响。导致自身抗体诱导病理的途径在不同的疾病中有很大的不同，针对同一抗原的自身抗体，取决于目标表位，可以有不同的效果。为了培养自身抗体诱导的病理学知识，并鼓励开发迫切需要的新的治疗策略，我们在这里根据自身抗体的效果对其进行分类。根据我们的算法，自身抗体可分为以下几类：(1)模拟受体刺激，(2)阻断神经传递，(3)诱导信号改变，引发不受控制的(4)微血栓形成，(5)细胞溶解，(6)中性粒细胞激活，(7)诱导炎症。这些与疾病有关的机制，以及自身抗体的产生和检测原理，在这里进行了综述。
Autoantibodies are frequently observed in healthy individuals. In a minority of these individuals, they lead to manifestation of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis or Graves’ disease. Overall, more than 2.5% of the population is affected by autoantibody-driven autoimmune disease. Pathways leading to autoantibody-induced pathology greatly differ among different diseases, and autoantibodies directed against the same antigen, depending on the targeted epitope, can have diverse effects. To foster knowledge in autoantibody-induced pathology and to encourage development of urgently needed novel therapeutic strategies, we here categorized autoantibodies according to their effects. According to our algorithm, autoantibodies can be classified into the following categories: (1) mimic receptor stimulation, (2) blocking of neural transmission, (3) induction of altered signaling, triggering uncontrolled (4) microthrombosis, (5) cell lysis, (6) neutrophil activation, and (7) induction of inflammation. These mechanisms in relation to disease, as well as principles of autoantibody generation and detection, are reviewed herein.