Individual-level protective factors for sexual health outcomes among sexual minority youth: a systematic review of the literature.
Individual-level protective factors for sexual health outcomes among sexual minority youth: a systematic review of the literature.
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DOI：
10.1071/sh15200
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发表时间：
2016-06-09
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Beltran, Oscar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Armstrong, Heather L.;Steiner, Riley J.;Jayne, Paula E.;Beltran, Oscar
尽管与性少数青少年（SMY）的负面性健康结果相关的因素已被充分记录，但保护性因素的研究较少。这篇综述总结了目前关于个体水平的SMY保护因素的科学现状，并指出了为未来研究提供信息的差距。对非干预、经验性同行评议的研究进行了系统的搜索。在西方工业化国家10-24岁年龄的性取向男性患者样本或亚样本中，检查一个优先确定的个人层面保护因素和至少一种性健康结果的文章符合纳入条件。共有21篇报道了13项独特研究数据的文章符合纳入标准。只有两项研究描述了年轻性少数女性的发现，因此文献综合仅限于报道美国男男性行为的年轻男性（YMSM）的研究。共检查了11个个人层面的保护因素。在横断面分析中，关于安全套使用的主观同伴规范和态度反复起到保护作用。与自我效能感、自尊和清晰积极的身份认同相关的研究结果则更为复杂。本综述的研究结果表明，与安全套使用有关的态度和主观同伴规范是有希望的YMSM干预目标。然而，有必要进行纵向研究，以证实这些保护作用，并将它们与其他SMY一起考虑。此外，对中小学生中与技能和胜任力相关的保护性因素的研究还不够充分。解决这些差距将有助于形成有力的证据，为干预措施提供信息。
Although factors associated with negative sexual health outcomes among sexual minority youth (SMY) have been well documented, protective factors have been less studied. This review summarises the current state of science on individual-level protective factors for SMY and identifies gaps to inform future research. A systematic search of non-intervention, empirical peer-reviewed research was conducted. Articles that examined an a priori-identified individual-level protective factor and at least one sexual health outcome in a sample or subsample of SMY aged 10–24 years in Western, industrialised countries were eligible for inclusion. A total of 21 articles that reported data from 13 unique studies met inclusion criteria. Only two studies described findings for young sexual minority women and thus the literature synthesis was limited to studies reporting on young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in the USA. A total of 11 individual-level protective factors were examined. Subjective peer norms and attitudes about condom use were repeatedly protective in cross-sectional analyses. Findings related to self-efficacy, self-esteem and clear and positive identity were more mixed. The findings of this review suggest that attitudes and subjective peer norms related to condom use are promising intervention targets for YMSM. There is a need, however, for longitudinal research to confirm these protective effects and to consider them among other SMY. Moreover, protective factors related to skills and competencies have been insufficiently studied among SMY. Addressing these gaps will help develop a robust body of evidence to inform interventions.