High-temperature Pumping of Silicon for Thermal Energy Grid Storage
High-temperature Pumping of Silicon for Thermal Energy Grid Storage
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DOI：
10.1016/j.energy.2021.121105
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发表时间：
2021-06-18
期刊：
影响因子：
9
通讯作者：
Henry, Asegun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amy, Caleb;Pishahang, Mehdi;Henry, Asegun
随着可再生能源的成本福尔斯降到化石燃料以下，可持续电力的广泛应用的主要障碍已经变成了按需供应。储能可以实现可调度的可再生能源，但与目前的电池相比，成本必须大幅降低。一种可以降低成本的电力存储概念将电力作为显热存储在极热的液体（>2000摄氏度）中，并使用多结光电转换器（MPV）作为热力发动机，在几小时或几天后按需将其转换回电力。本文遵循先前报道的技术经济学和液体安全壳，检查电阻加热器，2000摄氏度以上的熔融硅储罐和热机之间交换热量所需的设备。在这里，我们报告的泵，设计和测试这三个区域之间的液体硅循环和空间热循环的影响进行了模拟模型和实验。虽然泵成功地使硅在1800至2080摄氏度之间循环10小时，但由于不仅碳而且碳化硅的温度依赖性溶解度，具有温度梯度的循环导致硅和其他非等温实验显著溶解，否则碳化硅会保护石墨基础结构。提供了减少溶解的方法和替代实施例。(C)2021爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
As the cost of renewable energy falls below fossil fuels, the key barrier to widespread sustainable electricity has become availability on demand. Energy storage can enable dispatchable renewables, but only with drastic cost reductions compared to current batteries. One electricity storage concept that could enable these cost reductions stores electricity as sensible heat in an extremely hot liquid (>2000 degrees C) and uses multi-junction photovoltaics (MPV) as a heat engine to convert it back to electricity on demand, hours or days later. This paper follows previously reported technoeconomics and liquid containment, examining equipment that would be needed to exchange heat between resistive heaters, a molten silicon storage tank above 2000 degrees C, and a heat engine. Herein, we report on a pump that was designed and tested to circulate the liquid silicon between these three regions and the effect of spatial thermal cycling was simulated in models and experiments. While the pump successfully circulated silicon between 1800 and 2080 degrees C for 10 h, circulation with a temperature gradient caused it and other non-isothermal experiments to dissolve significantly due to the temperature dependent solubility of not only carbon, but also silicon carbide which otherwise protected the graphite infrastructure. Methods to reduce dissolution and an alternative embodiment are presented. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.