INVESTIGATING DISSOCIATIONS AMONG MEMORY MEASURES - SUPPORT FOR A TRANSFER-APPROPRIATE PROCESSING FRAMEWORK
INVESTIGATING DISSOCIATIONS AMONG MEMORY MEASURES - SUPPORT FOR A TRANSFER-APPROPRIATE PROCESSING FRAMEWORK
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.15.4.657
复制
发表时间：
1989-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
BLAXTON, TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BLAXTON, TA
在三个实验中，受试者在最初的研究阶段后执行五项任务中的一项。结果表明，性能的概念驱动的保留任务（那些需要处理的意义）是一贯的分离，从数据驱动的任务（那些更依赖于物理特征的分析）。在自由回忆、语义线索回忆和回答一般知识问题的任务中，当目标项目在学习中产生而不是阅读时（实验1）和当受试者在学习中形成项目所指对象的心理图像时（实验3），概念驱动任务的表现得到了最大的增强。相反，当受试者阅读而不是在输入时生成的项目（实验1），以及当研究和测试项目的物理特征在模态（实验2）和排版（实验3）方面匹配时，使用字形线索的单词片段完成和回忆的数据驱动任务进行得最好。这些研究结果表明，记忆任务之间的分离更好地解释在学习和测试的心理操作之间的重叠程度，而不是在不同的任务背后的各种记忆系统。
In three experiments subjects performed one of five tasks after an initial study phase. Results showed that performance on conceptually driven retention tasks (those requiring the processing of meaning) was consistently dissociated from that on data-driven tasks (those relying more on analysis of physical features). Performance on conceptually driven tasks of free recall, semantic cued recall, and a task of answering general knowledge questions was enhanced most when target items had been generated rather than read at study (Experiment 1) and when subjects formed mental images of item referents at study (Experiment 3). Conversely, the data driven tasks of word fragment completion and recall using graphemic cues were performed best when subjects read rather than generated items at input (Experiment 1) and when the physical features of study and test items matched in terms of modality (Experiment 2) and typography (Experiment 3). These findings indicate that dissociations among memory tasks are better explained in terms of the degree of overlap between mental operations at study and test than in terms of various memory systems underlying different tasks.