Reviving the critical distinction between perceived capability and motivation: a response to commentaries.
Reviving the critical distinction between perceived capability and motivation: a response to commentaries.
复制标题
恢复感知能力和动机之间的关键区别：对评论的回应。
DOI：
10.1080/17437199.2016.1171729
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Rhodes,RyanE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams,DavidM;Rhodes,RyanE
许多构造在概念上和经验上都是混淆的，但没有造成太大的伤害。当变量相互关联时，它们共享方差。如果结构是正交的，它们就不那么有用了。混淆是规律，不是例外。这是因为人性并没有被划分成正交的结构，而是每件事都与每件事有关。毫无疑问，自我效能感与先前的行为和动机有关。我们不同意将测量混淆等同于构念之间的关联。相反，我们区分了部分测量结构B的结构A的评估和结构A和B的有效测量得分之间的关联。Brewer（2016）指出了健康心理学中这种测量混淆的几个例子（见他的表1）以及癌症生物学研究。这种混淆是常用的自我效能测量方法的问题——这些方法不仅评估自我效能，还评估动机。如果自我效能的测量与动机相混淆，那么我们就不能用这些测量来了解自我效能，因为我们永远不知道我们发现的联系是否（或在多大程度上）实际上是自我效能的功能，或者，动机混淆。Brewer（2016）和Beauchamp（2016）都分享了我们对自我效能测量困惑的担忧，并为解决这一问题提供了额外的建议。
Many constructs are conceptually, as well as empirically, confounded without this causing much harm. When variables are correlated with each other, they share variance. If constructs were orthogonal, they would be less useful. Confounding is the rule, not the exception. This is because human nature is not compartmentalized into orthogonal constructs but everything is related to everything. It is no surprise that [self-efficacy] is associated (LconfoundedL) with prior behavior and motivation.We disagree with this characterisation of measurement confounding as equivalent to associations between constructs. Instead we distinguish between an assessment of construct A that is partly measuring construct B and an association between scores on valid measures of constructs A and B. Brewer (2016) points out several examples of such measurement confounds in health psychology (see his Table 1) as well as in cancer biology research. Such confounding is the problem with common measures of self-efficacy-these measures do not just assess self-efficacy, they also assess motivation. If measures of self-efficacy are confounded by motivation, then we cannot use those measures to learn anything about self-efficacy, because we will never know whether (or to what extent) the associations we find are actually a function of self-efficacy or, alternatively, the motivational confound. Both Brewer (2016) and Beauchamp (2016) share our concerns about self-efficacyLs measurement confound and offer additional suggestions for addressing the problem.