Encoding of Motor Skill in the Corticomuscular System of Musicians
Encoding of Motor Skill in the Corticomuscular System of Musicians
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2010.09.045
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发表时间：
2010-10-26
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Classen, Joseph
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gentner, Reinhard;Gorges, Susanne;Classen, Joseph
运动技能如何储存在神经系统中是神经科学中的一个基本问题。虽然音乐运动技能与各种适应有关[1-3]，但仍不清楚这些变化如何与专家音乐家已知的高级上级运动表现联系起来。在这里，我们建立了一个直接的和具体的皮质肌系统的功能组织和熟练的音乐表演之间的关系。主成分分析被用来确定联合相关模式的手指运动诱发的经颅磁刺激在初级运动皮层，而受试者在休息。这些模式的一个选定的子集的线性组合被用来重建积极的乐器演奏或抓动作。乐器演奏的重建质量是上级在熟练的音乐家相比，音乐未经训练的科目，显示分类学的特异性训练的运动曲目，并与累积的长期培训曝光，但不与最近过去的培训历史。在小提琴手，抓动作的重建质量与小提琴演奏的长期训练历史呈负相关。我们的研究结果表明，经验依赖性运动技能在初级运动皮层及其传出系统的功能组织中被专门编码，并且与模块化神经元结构的技能编码模型一致[4]。
How motor skills are stored in the nervous system represents a fundamental question in neuroscience. Although musical motor skills are associated with a variety of adaptations [1-3], it remains unclear how these changes are linked to the known superior motor performance of expert musicians. Here we establish a direct and specific relationship between the functional organization of the corticomuscular system and skilled musical performance. Principal component analysis was used to identify joint correlation patterns in finger movements evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary motor cortex while subjects were at rest. Linear combinations of a selected subset of these patterns were used to reconstruct active instrumental playing or grasping movements. Reconstruction quality of instrumental playing was superior in skilled musicians compared to musically untrained subjects, displayed taxonomic specificity for the trained movement repertoire, and correlated with the cumulated long-term training exposure, but not with the recent past training history. In violinists, the reconstruction quality of grasping movements correlated negatively with the long-term training history of violin playing. Our results indicate that experience-dependent motor skills are specifically encoded in the functional organization of the primary motor cortex and its efferent system and are consistent with a model of skill coding by a modular neuronal architecture [4].