Premorbid intellectual functioning, education, and brain size in traumatic brain injury: An investigation of the cognitive reserve hypothesis
Premorbid intellectual functioning, education, and brain size in traumatic brain injury: An investigation of the cognitive reserve hypothesis
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DOI：
10.1207/s15324826an1003_04
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bigler, ED
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kesler, SR;Adams, HF;Bigler, ED
认知储备理论被假设为试图解释大脑侮辱或疾病后功能结果的个体差异。这些理论表明，无论受伤或疾病的严重程度如何，高等教育和心理测量智力都可能保留功能能力。本研究使用高分辨率磁共振成像(MRI)分析方法，对25名创伤性脑损伤(TBI)患者的认知储备进行了研究。我们研究了损伤前获得的颅内总体积(TICV)、脑室/脑比率(VBR)、教育程度和标准化测试与损伤后认知结果之间的关系。无论受伤的严重程度如何，受伤后智商得分较低的参与者的TICV值都显著较低，并且从受伤前到受伤后的智商变化明显更大。TICV和教育正确地预测了参与者受伤后的智商类别(大于或等于90或<；90)。然而，病前标准化测试(PST)分数并不能预测认知结果。这项研究的结果表明，较大的病前脑体积和较高的教育水平可能会降低脑外伤后认知缺陷的易感性，这与认知储备的概念是一致的。
Cognitive reserve theories have been postulated in an attempt to explain individual differences in functional outcome following cerebral insult or disease. These theories suggest that higher education and psychometric intelligence may preserve functional capacity regardless of injury or disease severity. This study investigated cognitive reserve in 25 participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI) using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analyses. We examined the relationships between total intracranial volume (TICV), ventricle-to-brain ratio (VBR), education level, and standardized testing obtained prior to injury with post-injury cognitive outcome. Participants with lower post-injury IQ scores had significantly lower TICV values, irrespective of injury severity, and experienced significantly greater change in IQ from pre- to post-injury. TICV and education correctly predicted participants' post-injury IQ category (greater than or equal to 90 or < 90). However premorbid standardized testing (PST) scores did not predict cognitive outcome. The results of this study suggest that larger premorbid brain volume and higher education level may decrease vulnerability to cognitive deficits following TBI, consistent with the notion of a cognitive reserve.