Spatiotemporal tracking of small extracellular vesicle nanotopology in response to physicochemical stresses revealed by HS-AFM.
Spatiotemporal tracking of small extracellular vesicle nanotopology in response to physicochemical stresses revealed by HS-AFM.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/jev2.12275
复制
发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
16
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
小细胞外囊泡（sEVs）在局部和远端细胞通讯中起着至关重要的作用。sEV的固有特性使它们成为药物递送、疫苗和治疗诊断纳米颗粒的相容生物材料。虽然sEV蛋白质组学已经得到了有力的研究，但直接瞬时评估sEV结构动力学仍然很困难。在这里，我们使用高速原子力显微镜（HS-AFM）来评估sEV在不同物理化学应力（包括热应力，pH值和渗透应力）下的纳米拓扑学变化。sEV结构在高温、高pH或高渗条件下会发生严重改变。令人惊讶的是，sEV的球形形状在酸性或低渗环境中得以维持。通过HS-AFM成像的真实的实时观察揭示了在pH或渗透压转变期间sEV的不可逆转的结构变化。HS-AFM成像提供高时空分辨率（纳米级和毫秒级）的定性和定量数据。总之，我们的研究证明了HS-AFM用于纳米颗粒结构表征和评估的可行性。
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) play a crucial role in local and distant cell communication. The intrinsic properties of sEVs make them compatible biomaterials for drug delivery, vaccines, and theranostic nanoparticles. Although sEV proteomics have been robustly studied, a direct instantaneous assessment of sEV structure dynamics remains difficult. Here, we use the high‐speed atomic force microscopy (HS‐AFM) to evaluate nanotopological changes of sEVs with respect to different physicochemical stresses including thermal stress, pH, and osmotic stress. The sEV structure is severely altered at high‐temperature, high‐pH, or hypertonic conditions. Surprisingly, the spherical shape of the sEVs is maintained in acidic or hypotonic environments. Real‐time observation by HS‐AFM imaging reveals an irreversible structural change in the sEVs during transition of pH or osmolarity. HS‐AFM imaging provides both qualitative and quantitative data at high spatiotemporal resolution (nanoscopic and millisecond levels). In summary, our study demonstrates the feasibility of HS‐AFM for structural characterization and assessment of nanoparticles.