Fairness and retaliation:: The economics of reciprocity
Fairness and retaliation:: The economics of reciprocity
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DOI：
10.1257/jep.14.3.159
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
8.4
通讯作者：
Gächter, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fehr, E;Gächter, S
本文表明，互惠对许多经济领域都具有强大的影响。它是执行契约和社会规范的一个重要决定因素，并大大提高了集体行动的可能性。互惠可能会使明确激励的提供变得无效，因为激励可能会排挤自愿合作。它强烈地限制了不完全契约市场中竞争的效果，并导致了非竞争性工资差异。最后，互惠也是促成不完全契约存在的强大力量。
This paper shows that reciprocity has powerful implications for many economic domains. It is an important determinant in the enforcement of contracts and social norms and enhances the possibilities of collective action greatly. Reciprocity may render the provision of explicit incentive inefficient because the incentives may crowd out voluntary co-operation. It strongly limits the effects of competition in markets with incomplete contracts and gives rise to noncompetitive wage differences. Finally, reciprocity it is also a strong force contributing to the existence of incomplete contracts.