Age and Sex Differences in Reward Behavior in Adolescent and Adult Rats
Age and Sex Differences in Reward Behavior in Adolescent and Adult Rats
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DOI：
10.1002/dev.21127
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Gulley, Joshua M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hammerslag, Lindsey R.;Gulley, Joshua M.
与成年人相比，青少年吸毒和吸毒成瘾的风险更高。导致这种脆弱性的因素之一可能是奖励处理中的年龄依赖性差异，青少年通过刺激导向而不是目标导向的过程来接近奖励。然而，在青春期啮齿动物模型中，特别是那些调查两性的啮齿动物模型中，这方面的经验证据是有限的。为了解决这个问题，在实验开始时，青少年（P30）或成年（P98）的雄性和雌性大鼠接受了巴甫洛夫方法（PA）任务的训练，随后测试了奖励贬值，灭绝和重新获得的影响。我们发现年龄和性别之间的显着的相互作用：女性增强收购PA和贫穷的灭绝，相对于男性，而青少年和女性不太敏感的奖励贬值比男性成年人。这些结果表明，女性和青少年表现出更多的奖励行为是刺激导向，而不是目标导向。(c)2013 Wiley Periodicals，Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56：611-621，2014.
Compared to adults, adolescents are at heightened risk for drug abuse and dependence. One of the factors contributing to this vulnerability may be age-dependent differences in reward processing, with adolescents approaching reward through stimulus-directed, rather than goal-directed, processes. However, the empirical evidence for this in rodent models of adolescence, particularly those that investigate both sexes, is limited. To address this, male and female rats that were adolescents (P30) or adults (P98) at the start of the experiment were trained in a Pavlovian approach (PA) task and were subsequently tested for the effects of reward devaluation, extinction, and re-acquisition. We found significant interactions between age and sex: females had enhanced acquisition of PA and poorer extinction, relative to males, while adolescents and females were less sensitive to reward devaluation than male adults. These results suggest that females and adolescents exhibit reward behavior that is more stimulus-directed, rather than goal-directed. (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 56: 611-621, 2014.