PERCUSSION MARKS ON BONE SURFACES AS A NEW DIAGNOSTIC OF HOMINID BEHAVIOR
PERCUSSION MARKS ON BONE SURFACES AS A NEW DIAGNOSTIC OF HOMINID BEHAVIOR
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DOI：
10.1038/333763a0
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发表时间：
1988-06-23
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
SELVAGGIO, MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BLUMENSCHINE, RJ;SELVAGGIO, MM
自从石器切割痕迹和食肉动物牙齿痕迹首次在上更新世考古骨1、2上被系统描述以来，骨表面修饰在解释早期考古遗址形成和原始人行为方面发挥了突出的作用3-15。这里我们介绍一类新的骨表面修饰，我们称之为敲击标记。撞击痕迹是在实验性的骨髓破碎过程中产生的，是通过使用的花岗岩锤石和锤子上的自然突出物压在骨骼表面的凹坑或凹槽而产生的。尽管敲击痕迹表面上可以模仿食肉动物的牙齿痕迹，但它们与锤石冲击缺口密切相关，并显示出一致的微形态特征，将它们与牙齿痕迹和其他类别的骨骼表面修饰区分开来。鉴于史前锤石破碎骨髓的迹象1，7，对撞击痕迹的认识对于在考古遗址准确识别骨修改的生物因素至关重要，并提供了一种新的原始人身体加工诊断方法。
Since stone tool cut marks and carnivore tooth marks were first described systematically on Plio-Pleistocene archaeological bone1,2, bone surface modification has played a prominent role in interpreting early archaeological site formation and hominid behaviour3–15. Here we introduce a new class of bone surface modification, which we call percussion marks. Percussion marks were produced during experimental breakage of marrow bones, and occur as pits or grooves impressed on a bone's surface by natural protrusions on the granitic hammerstone and anvil used. Although percussion marks can superficially mimic carnivore tooth marks, they nonetheless are closely associated with hammerstone impact notches and show consistent micromorphological features which distinguish them from tooth marks and other classes of bone surface modification. Given indications of prehistoric hammer-stone breakage of marrow bones1,7, an awareness of percussion marks is critical for accurately identifying the biological agents of bone modification at archaeological sites and provides a new diagnostic of carcass processing by hominids.