Comparative Analysis of Herbaceous and Woody Cell Wall Digestibility by Pathogenic Fungi.
Comparative Analysis of Herbaceous and Woody Cell Wall Digestibility by Pathogenic Fungi.
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病原真菌消化草本和木本细胞壁的比较分析
DOI：
10.3390/molecules26237220
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发表时间：
2021-11-28
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chen S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dou Y;Yang Y;Mund NK;Wei Y;Liu Y;Wei L;Wang Y;Du P;Zhou Y;Liesche J;Huang L;Fang H;Zhao C;Li J;Wei Y;Chen S
真菌病原菌已经进化出植物细胞壁降解酶(PCWDEs)的组合来解构寄主植物细胞壁(PCWs)。对这一过程的理解有望为提高植物生物质转化为可持续生物燃料和生物产品的效率奠定基础。本文采用酶活性测定、生物量预处理、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)和PCWDEs基因组分析相结合的方法，研究了病原真菌对部分木本和草本生物质的消化率或降解性。苹果树特有病原菌Valsa Marii、油菜籽菌核病菌和小麦纹枯病菌分别对苹果树枝条、油菜籽秸秆和小麦秸秆有较好的水解性。过氧乙酸(PAA)的脱木素处理提高了PCW的消化率，而且在非宿主PCW底物上的提高通常比宿主PCW基质更明显。半纤维素酶处理对PCW底物中的半纤维素含量略有降低或没有影响，但显著改变了所选病原菌的水解性，表明半纤维素分枝作用对PCW的消化率有一定作用。纤维素组织似乎也影响宿主PCW的消化率，这反映在木本植物和草本植物PCW中纤维素微纤维组织的差异以及病原真菌纤维素酶中纤维素结合域组织的差异，这是已知影响酶对纤维素的获取的因素。综上所述，本研究强调了半纤维素和纤维素的化学结构对真菌病原菌对宿主PCW消化率的重要性。
Fungal pathogens have evolved combinations of plant cell-wall-degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) to deconstruct host plant cell walls (PCWs). An understanding of this process is hoped to create a basis for improving plant biomass conversion efficiency into sustainable biofuels and bioproducts. Here, an approach integrating enzyme activity assay, biomass pretreatment, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and genomic analysis of PCWDEs were applied to examine digestibility or degradability of selected woody and herbaceous biomass by pathogenic fungi. Preferred hydrolysis of apple tree branch, rapeseed straw, or wheat straw were observed by the apple-tree-specific pathogen Valsa mali, the rapeseed pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and the wheat pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis, respectively. Delignification by peracetic acid (PAA) pretreatment increased PCW digestibility, and the increase was generally more profound with non-host than host PCW substrates. Hemicellulase pretreatment slightly reduced or had no effect on hemicellulose content in the PCW substrates tested; however, the pretreatment significantly changed hydrolytic preferences of the selected pathogens, indicating a role of hemicellulose branching in PCW digestibility. Cellulose organization appears to also impact digestibility of host PCWs, as reflected by differences in cellulose microfibril organization in woody and herbaceous PCWs and variation in cellulose-binding domain organization in cellulases of pathogenic fungi, which is known to influence enzyme access to cellulose. Taken together, this study highlighted the importance of chemical structure of both hemicelluloses and cellulose in host PCW digestibility by fungal pathogens.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Etheridge, JV;Davey, L;Christian, DG
通讯作者：
Christian, DG
通过全面研究纤维素合酶家族序列，了解植物纤维素合成酶。
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Carroll A;Specht CD
通讯作者：
Specht CD
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Christensen, Stefan Jarl;Krogh, Kristian Bertel Romer Morkeberg;Westh, Peter
通讯作者：
Westh, Peter
影响因子：
3
作者：
Chang, VS;Holtzapple, MT
通讯作者：
Holtzapple, MT
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Gupta, Madhulika;Rawal, Takat B.;Petridis, Loukas
通讯作者：
Petridis, Loukas