THE EFFECT OF 6 WEEKS OF OVERFEEDING ON THE BODY-WEIGHT, BODY-COMPOSITION, AND ENERGY-METABOLISM OF YOUNG MEN
THE EFFECT OF 6 WEEKS OF OVERFEEDING ON THE BODY-WEIGHT, BODY-COMPOSITION, AND ENERGY-METABOLISM OF YOUNG MEN
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/33.5.978
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发表时间：
1980-01-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
DURNIN, JVGA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
NORGAN, NG;DURNIN, JVGA
对 6 名年轻男性进行了为期 42 天的过量喂养对体重、体脂、水分含量、能量消耗以及能量和氮消化率的影响的研究。测定标准工作和休息情况下的代谢率。过量喂食期间，能量摄入量明显增加 6.2 MJ/天，能量消耗略微下降 0.3 MJ/天。在控制期和过量饲喂期，粪便和尿液的能量损失占总能量摄入的比例相似（8%）。根据食物表计算的代谢能摄入量与对照期消化率测量得出的值非常吻合（平均差 = +2%），但在过度喂养期则不然（+8%）。对此的影响进行了讨论。平均体重增加6.0公斤，为初始体重的10%；平均脂肪增加 3.7 公斤，水分增加 1.8 升。对于给定的过量能量摄入，体重和脂肪增加存在相当大的个体差异。过量喂食结束时，标准任务中的代谢率高出 10%，但以每分钟千焦耳/千克表示的代谢率与对照值相似。即使使用食物表高估摄入量和代谢率增加，平均能量增益（144 MJ = 脂肪增益 × 39 kJ/g）仍低于过量能量摄入。这种差异不太可能是由于代谢率的未测量增加造成的，而可能是由于所涉及变量的计算错误造成的。在这项研究中，适度的体重增加是通过主要摄入脂肪来实现的，代谢率的增加似乎与体型的增加和组织的增加有关，而不是与奢侈消耗有关[诺依曼引入的术语，用于解释通过将多余的能量摄入直接转化为热量的机制，在两种不同的能量摄入水平上保持体重的明显能力]机制。
The effect of overfeeding on the body weight, body fat, water content, energy expenditure and digestibility of energy and N was investigated over 42 days in 6 young men. The metabolic rates in standard situations of work and rest were determined. Energy intakes were apparently increased by 6.2 MJ/day and energy expenditure fell slightly by 0.3 MJ/day during overfeeding. Fecal and urinary losses of energy were a similar proportion of the gross energy intake in control and overfeeding periods (8%). Metabolizable energy intakes calculated from food tables agreed well with values derived from digestibility measurements in the control period (mean difference = +2%) but not in the overfeeding period (+8%). The implications of this were discussed. Mean body weight gain was 6.0 kg, 10% of initial weight; mean fat gain was 3.7 kg and water gain 1.8 l. There were considerable interindividual differences in the weight and fat gain for a given excess energy intake. Metabolic rates in standard tasks were 10% higher at the end of overfeeding but expressed as kJ/kg per min were similar to control values. Mean energy gain (144 MJ = fat gain .times. 39 kJ/g) was less than excess energy intake even allowing for overestimation of intakes using food tables and increases in metabolic rate. Such a discrepancy is unlikely to be due to unmeasured increases in metabolic rate but could have arisen from errors in the calculation of the variables involved. In this study where moderate weight gains were achieved by overfeeding mainly fat, increases in metabolic rate appear to be associated with increased body size and tissue gain rather than a luxuskonsumption [term introduced by Neumann to explain the apparent ability to maintain weight on 2 different levels of energy intake, by a mechanism that converts excess energy intakes directly into heat] mechanism.