The Spatial Relationship of Child Homicides to Community Resources in a Large Metropolitan Area
The Spatial Relationship of Child Homicides to Community Resources in a Large Metropolitan Area
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大都市区儿童凶杀案与社区资源的空间关系
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. Giardino
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Shenoi;N. Levine;M. Donaruma;Michelle A. Lyn;J. Hunter;A. Giardino
我们评估了社区社会人口因素、社区资源和涉及幼儿的凶杀案之间的关系。我们对 1997 年至 2003 年德克萨斯州哈里斯县被谋杀的五岁以下儿童进行了空间分析。有关县人口、家庭、社会经济和居住流动性特征的数据被分配到人口普查区块组。确定了按年龄调整的凶杀案空间集群。马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗负二项式回归风险模型测试了年龄调整的儿童凶杀案数量与街区群体特征以及受害者居住地与社区资源距离的关系。 125 起凶杀案中，虐待儿童占 94%。总体而言，64%集中在12个年龄调整的空间集群，涉及县域面积的3%。凶杀案数量的预测因素是单亲家庭（男性和女性）数量较多和家庭收入中位数较低。与最近的社区资源的距离并不重要。儿童凶杀案的空间聚集与低收入社区和单亲（男性和女性）家庭有关。没有观察到儿童凶杀案的空间集群与其与社区资源的接近程度之间存在关联。很高比例的儿童凶杀案集中在该县的一小部分地区，这为采取有针对性的、具有成本效益的干预措施提供了潜力。
We evaluated the relationship between neighborhood sociodemographic factors, community resources, and homicides involving young children. We performed spatial analysis of children under age five murdered in Harris County, Texas, from 1997 to 2003. Data on county population, household, socioeconomic, and residential mobility characteristics were allocated to census block groups. Age-adjusted spatial clusters of the homicides were identified. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo negative binomial regression risk model tested the relationship of age-adjusted number of child homicides to block group characteristics and distance of victim’s residence to community resources. Child maltreatment accounted for 94% of 125 homicides. In all, 64% were concentrated in 12 age-adjusted spatial clusters involving 3% of county area. Predictors for number of homicides were a larger number of single-parent households (male and female) and lower median household income. Distance to nearest community resources was not significant. Spatial clusters of child homicides were associated with low-income neighborhoods and single-parent (male and female) households. No association between the spatial clusters of child homicides and their proximity to community resources was observed. A high percentage of child homicides were concentrated in a small area of the county, which offers the potential for targeted, cost-effective interventions.