Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated innate immune responses in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated innate immune responses in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
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Toll 样受体 (TLR) 介导的先天免疫反应控制乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染

DOI:
10.1007/s00430-014-0370-1
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发表时间:
2015-02
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Lu M
Lu M
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhang E;Lu M

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适应性免疫应答在控制B型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染中的作用已被广泛接受。先天性免疫应答对病毒控制的贡献已被认识,但尚未完全理解。Toll样受体(TLR)感知病原体相关的分子模式并激活抗病毒机制,包括细胞内抗病毒途径和抗病毒效应物如干扰素(IFN)和促炎细胞因子的产生。TLR 3途径的激活和IFN-β的产生代表了导致肝脏中HBV复制抑制的主要机制之一,如在不同的体外和体内模型中所示。TLR 4信号传导和TLR 2信号传导导致肝细胞中包括MAPK和PI-3 K/Akt的细胞内途径的激活,并以IFN-非依赖性方式减少HBV复制。HBV能够通过下调TLR表达和减弱细胞信号传导途径来抵消TLR 3和TLR 2/4的作用。因此,TLR配体作为免疫调节剂和治疗剂用于治疗慢性HBV感染是有希望的候选物。针对HBV的特异性抗病毒治疗可以恢复慢性HBV感染的TLR功能,并增加基于TLR激活的治疗方法的有效性。
The role of adaptive immune responses in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is well accepted. The contribution of innate immune responses to the viral control is recognized but yet not fully understood. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) sense pathogen-associated molecule patterns and activate antiviral mechanisms including the intracellular antiviral pathways and the production of antiviral effectors like interferons (IFNs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Activation of the TLR3 pathway and the production of IFN-β represent one of the major mechanisms leading to the suppression of HBV replication in the liver, as shown in different in vitro and in vivo models. TLR4 signaling and TLR2 signaling result in the activation of intracellular pathways including MAPK and PI-3 K/Akt in hepatocytes and reduce HBV replication in an IFN-independent manner. HBV is able to counteract the actions of TLR3 and TLR2/4 through downregulation of TLR expression and attenuation of the cellular signaling pathways. Thus, TLR ligands are promising candidates as immunomodulators and therapeutics for the treatment of chronic HBV infection. Specific antiviral treatment against HBV could recover the TLR functions in chronic HBV infection and increase the effectiveness of therapeutic approaches based on TLR activation.
DOI: 10.1586/erv.10.162
发表时间: 2011-04-01
影响因子: 6.2
作者:
Cooper, Curtis;Mackie, David
通讯作者: Mackie, David
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-0247
发表时间: 2010-10-01
期刊: CANCER RESEARCH
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DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-02-268169
发表时间: 2010-11-04
期刊: BLOOD
影响因子: 20.3
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DOI: 10.3390/v2071394
发表时间: 2010-07
期刊: Viruses
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DOI: 10.1126/science.1183021
发表时间: 2010-01-15
期刊: Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子: --
作者:
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通讯作者: Medzhitov R