LUNG-CANCER SCREENING - THE MAYO PROGRAM
LUNG-CANCER SCREENING - THE MAYO PROGRAM
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DOI：
10.1097/00043764-198608000-00038
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发表时间：
1986-08-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
MUHM, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FONTANA, RS;SANDERSON, DR;MUHM, JR
美国国家癌症研究所已经赞助了三项在大规模高危人群中进行早期肺癌筛查的随机对照试验，以确定（1）在每年或每4个月进行一次胸部X线检查的基础上，增加每4个月一次的痰细胞学筛查是否可以提高肺癌的检出率;以及（2）通过这种类型的筛查程序，然后进行适当的治疗，可以显著降低肺癌死亡率。这三项试验的结果表明：（1）痰细胞学单独检测15%至20%的肺癌，几乎所有这些都是预后良好的鳞状细胞癌;（2）胸部X线摄影可能是比以前的报告更有效的早期肺癌检测方法。尽管如此，在马约诊所进行的随机试验的结果表明，每4个月为高危门诊患者提供两种程序，与包括推荐年度测试的标准医疗实践相比，没有死亡率优势。
The National Cancer Institute has sponsored three randomized controlled trials of screening for early lung cancer in large, high-risk populations to determine whether (1) lung cancer detection can be improved by adding sputum cytological screening every 4 months to chest roentgenography done either yearly or every 4 months; and (2) lung cancer mortality can be significantly reduced by this type of screening program, followed by appropriate treatment. Results of the three trials suggest that (1) sputum cytology alone detects 15% to 20% of lung cancers, almost all of which are squamous cancers with a favorable prognosis; and (2) chest roentgenography may be a more effective test for early-stage lung cancer than previous reports have suggested. Neverthless, results of the randomized trial conducted at the Mayo Clinic showed that offering both procedures to high-risk outpatients every 4 months conferred no mortality advantage over standard medical practice that included recommended annual testing.