The Role of Parietal Cortex in Verbal Working Memory
The Role of Parietal Cortex in Verbal Working Memory
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.18-13-05026.1998
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发表时间：
1998-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Jonides;E. Schumacher;Edward E. Smith;R. Koeppe;Edward Awh;P. Reuter-Lorenz;Christy Marshuetz;Christopher R. Willis
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文献类型：
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作者：
J. Jonides;E. Schumacher;Edward E. Smith;R. Koeppe;Edward Awh;P. Reuter-Lorenz;Christy Marshuetz;Christopher R. Willis
对正常受试者的神经影像学研究和对局灶性病变患者的研究表明，顶叶皮层区域与言语工作记忆 (VWM) 相关，但顶叶皮层在 VWM 中的确切作用仍不清楚。一些证据（Paulesu 等，1993；Awh 等，1996）表明顶叶皮层介导言语信息的存储，但这些研究和大多数以前的研究包括编码和检索过程以及言语信息的存储和排练。 Fiez 等人最近进行的一项正电子发射断层扫描 (PET) 研究。 (1996) 将存储和排练与其他 VWM 过程隔离开来，并没有发现顶叶皮层的可靠激活。这一结果表明顶叶皮层可能不参与 VWM 存储，这与之前的提议相反。然而，我们报告的两项行为研究表明，Fiez 等人使用的一些言语材料。 (1996) 可能没有要求 VWM 中的语音表示。此外，我们报告了一项 PET 研究，该研究在不同 PET 扫描中隔离了 VWM 编码、检索、存储和排练过程，并使用了可能需要 VWM 语音代码的材料。减去适当的对照后，编码条件显示没有可靠的激活；检索条件揭示了背外侧前额叶、前扣带回、后顶叶和纹外皮层的可靠激活，而存储条件揭示了背外侧前额叶、下额叶、前运动和后顶叶皮质以及小脑的可靠激活。这些结果表明，顶叶区域是大脑区域网络的一部分，负责调节语音编码语言材料的短期存储和检索。
Neuroimaging studies of normal subjects and studies of patients with focal lesions implicate regions of parietal cortex in verbal working memory (VWM), yet the precise role of parietal cortex in VWM remains unclear. Some evidence (Paulesu et al., 1993; Awh et al., 1996) suggests that the parietal cortex mediates the storage of verbal information, but these studies and most previous ones included encoding and retrieval processes as well as storage and rehearsal of verbal information. A recent positron emission tomography (PET) study by Fiez et al. (1996) isolated storage and rehearsal from other VWM processes and did not find reliable activation in parietal cortex. This result suggests that parietal cortex may not be involved in VWM storage, contrary to previous proposals. However, we report two behavioral studies indicating that some of the verbal material used by Fiez et al. (1996) may not have required phonological representations in VWM. In addition, we report a PET study that isolated VWM encoding, retrieval, and storage and rehearsal processes in different PET scans and used material likely to require phonological codes in VWM. After subtraction of appropriate controls, the encoding condition revealed no reliable activations; the retrieval condition revealed reliable activations in dorsolateral prefrontal, anterior cingulate, posterior parietal, and extrastriate cortices, and the storage condition revealed reliable activations in dorsolateral prefrontal, inferior frontal, premotor, and posterior parietal cortices, as well as cerebellum. These results suggest that parietal regions are part of a network of brain areas that mediate the short-term storage and retrieval of phonologically coded verbal material.