Globalization, Uncertainty and Women’s Careers
Globalization, Uncertainty and Women’s Careers
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全球化、不确定性和女性职业
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Hofmeister
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Blossfeld;H. Hofmeister
本书撰稿人认为，全球化显着加速了现代社会的社会和经济变革。这样的变化之一体现在工作和职业领域。本书探讨了全球化的力量是否会影响十二个经合组织国家中职业中期男性标准职业模式的侵蚀。提供了压倒性的证据来反对“不平等的个体化”论点——有人认为，平等在很大程度上仍然是根据职业阶层和教育水平等因素进行分层的，在一些国家甚至随着时间的推移而加剧。撰稿人指出，在工人受到制度配置保护越来越少的国家，全球化似乎影响了“拼凑”职业的兴起。这些国家包括丹麦、墨西哥、荷兰、英国和美国，以及匈牙利、爱沙尼亚和捷克共和国等后社会主义国家。有趣的是，没有证据表明意大利、西班牙、瑞典或德国男性的职业生涯变得更加不稳定。国家特有的制度，如福利制度、教育和培训制度以及雇佣关系仍然是影响工作流动模式的关键因素。本书使用实证证据来证明不同的政策方法如何影响个人的就业生涯，对于寻求了解国际社会变革对国家背景的影响的学者、学生、研究人员、从业者和政策制定者来说将具有无价的价值。
Globalization, argue the contributors to this book, has remarkably accelerated social and economic change in modern societies. One such change is manifested in the world of work and careers. This book explores whether the forces of globalization affect the erosion of standard career patterns of mid-career men in twelve OECD countries. Overwhelming evidence against the ‘individualization of inequality’ thesis is provided – it is argued that equality remains largely stratified by factors such as occupational class and educational level, and in some countries has even grown over time. The contributors illustrate that globalization appears to have influenced the rise of ‘patchwork’ careers in countries where workers have been increasingly less protected by institutional configurations. These countries include Denmark, Mexico, The Netherlands, the UK and the US, as well as post-socialistic countries such as Hungary, Estonia and the Czech Republic. Interestingly, there is no evidence that men’s careers have become more erratic in Italy, Spain, Sweden or Germany. Nation-specific institutions, such as welfare regimes, education and training systems and employment relations remain key factors impacting on job mobility patterns. Using empirical evidence to demonstrate how different policy approaches impact the employment careers of individuals, this book will be invaluable to academics, students, researchers, practitioners and policymakers seeking to understand the effects of international social change on national contexts.