Faulting processes in active faults – Evidences from TCDP and SAFOD drill core samples
Faulting processes in active faults – Evidences from TCDP and SAFOD drill core samples
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活动断层中的断层过程 – 来自 TCDP 和 SAFOD 钻芯样本的证据
DOI：
10.1016/j.jsg.2014.04.004
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Dresen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Janssen;Morales;Naumann;Kienast;Dresen
利用光学显微镜、透射电镜、扫描电镜、X射线衍射和X射线荧光分析等方法，对采自圣安德烈亚斯断层钻孔（SAFOD）和台湾车笼埔断层钻探（TCDP）岩心的代表性样品的显微结构、矿物学和化学成分进行了研究。SAFOD样本提供了一个横跨未变形主岩、断层损伤区和圣安德烈亚斯断层目前活跃变形区的横断面。TCDP样品取自车笼埔断层的主滑动带（PSZ）和周围的破坏带。SAFOD和TCDP断层泥样品的粘土矿物学存在很大差异。在SAFOD和TCDP样品中观察到非晶材料。与以前的出版物一致，我们提出，熔体，观察到的TCDP黑色泥样品，地震滑动（熔体起源），而在SAFOD样品中的非晶材料形成的粉碎颗粒（粉碎起源），而不是熔化。SAFOD和TCDP样品中石英颗粒中的Dauphiné孪晶可能指示高地震应力。SAFOD和TCDP样品中方解石的晶体学择优取向存在显著差异。溶解-沉淀过程导致的显微结构，观察到在这两个故障，但更频繁地发现在SAFOD样品比TCDP断层岩。正如已经描述的许多其他断层带的粘土-泥组构在SAFOD和TCDP样品中相当弱。粘土碎屑聚集体（CCAs），建议指示摩擦加热和热加压，发生在从车笼埔断层的PSZ，以及内部和外部的SAFOD变形区的材料，表明这些微结构形成在一个广泛的滑动速率。
The microstructures, mineralogy and chemistry of representative samples collected from the cores of the San Andreas Fault drill hole (SAFOD) and the Taiwan Chelungpu-Fault Drilling project (TCDP) have been studied using optical microscopy, TEM, SEM, XRD and XRF analyses. SAFOD samples provide a transect across undeformed host rock, the fault damage zone and currently active deforming zones of the San Andreas Fault. TCDP samples are retrieved from the principal slip zone (PSZ) and from the surrounding damage zone of the Chelungpu Fault. Substantial differences exist in the clay mineralogy of SAFOD and TCDP fault gouge samples. Amorphous material has been observed in SAFOD as well as TCDP samples. In line with previous publications, we propose that melt, observed in TCDP black gouge samples, was produced by seismic slip (melt origin) whereas amorphous material in SAFOD samples was formed by comminution of grains (crush origin) rather than by melting. Dauphiné twins in quartz grains of SAFOD and TCDP samples may indicate high seismic stress. The differences in the crystallographic preferred orientation of calcite between SAFOD and TCDP samples are significant. Microstructures resulting from dissolution–precipitation processes were observed in both faults but are more frequently found in SAFOD samples than in TCDP fault rocks. As already described for many other fault zones clay-gouge fabrics are quite weak in SAFOD and TCDP samples. Clay-clast aggregates (CCAs), proposed to indicate frictional heating and thermal pressurization, occur in material taken from the PSZ of the Chelungpu Fault, as well as within and outside of the SAFOD deforming zones, indicating that these microstructures were formed over a wide range of slip rates.
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
K. Ujiie;H. Yamaguchi;A. Sakaguchi;S. Toh
通讯作者：
K. Ujiie;H. Yamaguchi;A. Sakaguchi;S. Toh
圣安德烈亚斯断层带的科学钻探
DOI：
10.1029/2010eo220001
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. Zoback;S. Hickman;W. Ellsworth
通讯作者：
W. Ellsworth
圣安地列斯断层深度观测站 (SAFOD) 钻孔钻屑的矿物学和结构分析：断层带组成的初步解释和地质模型的约束
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
K. Bradbury;D. C. Barton;J. Solum;S. D. Draper;James P. Evans
通讯作者：
James P. Evans
加利福尼亚州中部圣安德烈亚斯断层的结构和性质：SAFOD 实验的最新结果
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
S. Hickman;M. Zoback;W. Ellsworth;N. Boness;P. Malin;S. Roecker;C. Thurber
通讯作者：
C. Thurber
构造地质学：天然断层润滑剂
影响因子：
18.3
作者：
B. A. Pluijm
通讯作者：
B. A. Pluijm