Analytical chemistry students’ explanatory statements in the context of their corresponding lecture

Analytical chemistry students’ explanatory statements in the context of their corresponding lecture
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分析化学学生在相应讲座中的解释性陈述

DOI:
10.1039/d0rp00063a
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
Lewis, Scott E.
Lewis, Scott E.
中科院分区:
教育学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang, Ying;Lewis, Scott E.

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从概念上理解化学需要在表征层次之间转换的能力,以利用对亚微观实体和性质的理解来解释宏观现象。过去的文献描述了学生的斗争与这些过渡,但提供了有限的信息,高层次的中学后化学学生的能力之间的水平过渡。这一组是特别感兴趣的,因为他们正在从事潜在的最后培训,然后进入职业生涯作为专业化学家,因此,如果学生有可能在他们的正规教育期间发展这种技能,它应该是在这一组中表现出来。本研究的特点是分析化学学生的反应,对酸碱滴定和薄层色谱使用亚微观实体或属性来解释这些宏观现象的开放式评估。此外,要了解解释性声明是否是一个固有的期望在教学背景下的设置,分析化学讲师的讲座酸碱滴定和薄层色谱分析与相同的框架。分析发现,学生很少在他们的回答中援引解释性陈述,讲座和评估反应之间的一致性主要限于使用宏观的,描述性的术语。尽管事实上,在课堂上的讲座经常调用解释性声明在一个上下文中,这并没有转化为学生使用的解释性声明。为了进一步验证分析化学学生与解释性陈述斗争的假设,还在第二批学生中进行了后续研究,当特别提示使用亚微观实体来解释宏观现象时,他们会回顾自己的反应。结果表明,只有不到一半的学生表现出熟练的生成解释性陈述时,明确提示这样做。在讨论中提出了促进解释性陈述的教学含义。
Conceptually understanding chemistry requires the ability to transition among representational levels to use an understanding of submicroscopic entities and properties to explain macroscopic phenomena. Past literature describes student struggles with these transitions but provides limited information about upper-level post-secondary chemistry students’ abilities to transition among levels. This group is of particular interest as they are engaging in potentially their final training before entering a career as professional chemists, thus if students are likely to develop this skill during their formal education it should be manifest among this group. This study characterized analytical chemistry students’ responses to open-ended assessments on acid–base titrations and thin-layer chromatography for the use of sub-microscopic entities or properties to explain these macroscopic phenomena. Further, to understand whether explanatory statements were an expectation inherent in the instructional context of the setting, the analytical chemistry instructor's lectures on acid–base titrations and thin-layer chromatography were analyzed with the same framework. The analysis found that students seldom invoked explanatory statements within their responses and that congruence between lectures and responses to assessment was primarily limited to the use of macroscopic, descriptive terms. Despite the fact that the lecture in class regularly invoked explanatory statements in one context, this did not translate to student use of explanatory statements. To further test the hypothesis that analytical chemistry students struggle with explanatory statements, a follow-on study was also conducted among a second cohort of students reviewing their responses when specifically prompted to use sub-microscopic entities to explain a macroscopic phenomenon. The results suggest that fewer than half of the students showed proficiency on generating explanatory statements when explicitly prompted to do so. Instructional implications to promote explanatory statements are proposed in the discussion.
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