Overlapping Verbal, Relational, Physical, and Electronic Forms of Bullying in Adolescence: Influence of School Context
Overlapping Verbal, Relational, Physical, and Electronic Forms of Bullying in Adolescence: Influence of School Context
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DOI：
10.1080/15374416.2014.893516
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发表时间：
2015-05-04
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Johnson, Sarah Lindstrom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bradshaw, Catherine P.;Waasdorp, Tracy Evian;Johnson, Sarah Lindstrom
由于与欺凌相关的许多社会情感相关因素，人们对青少年遭受各种形式欺凌的经历的兴趣越来越大。直到最近，才根据这些联系考虑学校的情况。目前的研究检查了青少年普遍经历的四种不同形式的欺凌的重叠（即，语言的、关系的、物理的、电子的），目的是理解它们与社会-情感相关物的关联（即，内化症状，外化症状，报复态度），并探索与学校环境因素，如监督，学校身体障碍和行为期望的关联。来自52所高中的24，620名青少年（9-12年级; M年龄=15.98，SD年龄=1.32）收集了关于同伴欺凌形式的自我报告数据。潜在的类分析表明，在不同形式的欺凌受害显着重叠，与青年经历多种形式的欺凌报告的社会情感问题的风险最大。一系列两级分层线性模型显示，学校身体障碍和缺乏积极的行为期望的指标与多种形式的欺凌风险增加。在所经历的欺凌模式方面，还观察到一些性别和年龄差异。这些发现通过强调不同形式的欺凌和学校环境因素之间的重叠之间的潜在联系，扩展了先前的研究，即使在控制了个人层面的风险因素之后。
Interest in youths' experience of the various forms of bullying has grown due to the numerous social-emotional correlates associated with bullying. Only recently has there been consideration of the school context in light of these associations. The current study examined the overlap in four different forms of bullying that youth commonly experience (i.e., verbal, relational, physical, electronic), with the aim of understanding their association with social-emotional correlates (i.e., internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, retaliatory attitudes) and exploring associations with school contextual factors such as supervision, school physical disorder, and behavioral expectations. Self-report data on the forms of peer bullying were collected from 24,620 adolescents (Grades 9-12; M age=15.98, SD age=1.32) enrolled in 52 high schools. Latent class analyses indicated significant overlap in the different forms of bullying victimization, with youth experiencing multiple forms of bullying reporting the greatest risk for social-emotional problems. A series of two-level hierarchical linear models revealed that indicators of school physical disorder and a lack of positive behavioral expectations were associated with increased risk for multiple forms of bullying. Several gender and age differences were also observed in relation to the patterns of bullying experienced. These findings extend prior research by emphasizing a potential link between the overlap in different forms of bullying and school contextual factors, even after controlling for individual-level risk factors.