Applications of biochar in redox-mediated reactions
Applications of biochar in redox-mediated reactions
复制标题
生物炭在氧化还原介导反应中的应用
DOI：
10.1016/j.biortech.2017.06.154
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Wang Hailong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuan Yong;Bolan Nanthi;Prevoteau Antonin;Vithanage Meththika;Biswas Jayanta Kumar;Ok Yong Sik;Wang Hailong
生物炭在化学上比原始原料生物质更还原和反应性更强。生物炭中的石墨区域、官能团和氧化还原活性金属对其氧化还原特性有重要影响。虽然生物炭中的官能团如酚类物质是主要的给电子部分（即，还原剂）、醌和缩聚芳族官能团是接受电子的组分（氧化剂）。生物炭的氧化还原能力取决于原料性质和热解条件。本文综述了生物质炭的各种合成技术及其氧化还原特性的研究方法。本文综述了生物炭作为电子供体、电子受体或电子穿梭体在污染物降解、金属（类）离子迁移、营养物质转化等方面的非生物和微生物应用，并讨论了其潜在机制。此外，还确定了在探索和区分涉及生物炭的电子转移机制方面存在的知识差距。
Biochar is chemically more reduced and reactive than the original feedstock biomass. Graphite regions, functional groups, and redox-active metals in biochar contribute to its redox characteristics. While the functional groups such as phenolic species in biochar are the main electron donating moieties (i.e., reducers), the quinones and polycondensed aromatic functional groups are the components accepting electrons (oxidants). The redox capacity of biochar depends on feedstock properties and pyrolysis conditions. This paper aims to review and summarize the various synthesis techniques for biochars and the methods for probing their redox characteristics. We review the abiotic and microbial applications of biochars as electron donors, electron acceptors, or electron shuttles for pollutant degradation, metal(loid)s (im)mobilization, nutrient transformation, and discuss the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, knowledge gaps that exist in the exploration and differentiation of the electron transfer mechanisms involving biochars are also identified.