Enhancement of posterior brain functional networks in bilingual older adults
Enhancement of posterior brain functional networks in bilingual older adults
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s1366728919000178
复制
发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Maestu, Fernando
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
de Frutos-Lucas, Jaisalmer;Lopez-Sanz, David;Maestu, Fernando
双语据说可以提高认知能力，甚至延缓阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发病。这项研究旨在调查双语是否会在受过高等教育的人身上留下神经生理学的痕迹。我们期望双语者呈现出更好地保存的大脑功能网络，这可能是更高认知储备的痕迹。为此，我们对一组健康老年人进行了脑磁图研究。我们估计使用锁相值的功能连接，并发现在顶枕区，双语者表现出更大的功能连接比单语者的五个集群。这些集群包括通常与语言处理有关的大脑区域。此外，这些功能的变化与尾状核体积（语言转换和控制的关键区域）在双语样本。有趣的是，大脑后部区域之间的功能连接性降低已经被确定为衰老/临床前AD的指标，但根据我们的研究，双语似乎产生相反的效果。
Bilingualism has been said to improve cognition and even delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This research aimed to investigate whether bilingualism leaves a neurophysiological trace even when people are highly educated. We expected bilinguals to present better preserved brain functional networks, which could be a trace of higher cognitive reserve. With this purpose, we conducted a magnetoencephalographic study with a group of healthy older adults. We estimated functional connectivity using phase-locking value and found five clusters in parieto-occipital regions in which bilinguals exhibited greater functional connectivity than monolinguals. These clusters included brain regions typically implicated in language processing. Furthermore, these functional changes correlated with caudate volumes (a key region in language shifting and control) in the bilingual sample. Interestingly, decreased Functional Connectivity between posterior brain regions had already been identified as an indicator of aging/preclinical AD but, according to our study, bilingualism seems to exert the opposite effect.