Long-term spatial distribution of vegetation and sand movement following the commencement of landscape conservation activities to curb grassland encroachment at the Tottori Sand Dunes natural monument
Long-term spatial distribution of vegetation and sand movement following the commencement of landscape conservation activities to curb grassland encroachment at the Tottori Sand Dunes natural monument
复制标题
为抑制鸟取沙丘天然纪念物的草地侵占而开展景观保护活动后植被和沙流的长期空间分布
DOI：
10.1080/01431161.2019.1698783
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Moriyama Masao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takayama Naru;Kimura Reiji;Liu Jiaqi;Moriyama Masao
山阴海岸地质公园被联合国教科文组织认定为世界地质公园，公园内的鸟取沙丘被指定为日本的天然纪念物。在1900年，鸟取沙丘的区域是一个巨大的沿海沙丘系统的一部分。然而，草原的侵蚀（草地化）对该地区构成了重大威胁，到1991年，约42%的沙丘表面被植被覆盖。这促使1994年开始了景观保护活动，主要是除草。基于1964年以来间断性的航空土地调查数据，分析了风沙运动的空间分布特征，并提出了一种基于无人机（UAV）照片和卫星数据的植被覆盖率估算方法。我们的分析表明，由于极高的沉积速率，第二排沙丘的内陆斜坡已向陆地移动了约30米。第三排沙丘也向内陆移动。因此，由于沿第三排沙丘内陆斜坡沿着的大量泥沙沉积，大后折钵盆地沿海岸沿着逐渐被掩埋。我们分析了1990年5月9日植被覆盖率的空间分布，当面积的侵占草地是最大的。植被覆盖度大于0.40的植被区从第一排沙丘向位于沙丘区的防风林以西延伸。在第一排沙丘附近地区，植被覆盖率1990年为0.51，1995年达到0.56。然而，到1996年，这一比例迅速下降到0.14，自2000年以来，这一比例一直在0.01-0.13的范围内波动。
San’in Kaigan Geopark is recognized as a United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Global Geopark, and the Tottori Sand Dunes in the park are designated as a Natural Monument of Japan. In 1900, the area that constitutes the Tottori Sand Dunes was part of a vast coastal sand dune system. However, the encroachment of grasslands (grasslandisation) became a significant threat to the area and by 1991 about 42% of the surfaces of the sand dunes were covered with vegetation. This prompted the initiation of landscape conservation activities, primarily weeding, in 1994. We analysed the spatial distribution of sand movement based on aerial land survey data captured intermittently since 1964, and propose a method for evaluation of the vegetation cover ratio per 30 × 30-m cell (pixel polygons; PPs), based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) photographs and satellite data. Our analysis showed that the inland slope of the second row of sand dunes has shifted landward by around 30 m due to extremely high deposition rates. The third row of sand dunes has also moved inland. Thus, the Oigo-suribachi Basin has gradually been buried along the coast due to significant sand sedimentation along the inland slope of the third row of sand dunes. We analysed the spatial distribution of the vegetation cover ratio on 9 May 1990, when the area of the encroaching grasslands was largest. A vegetated area with a vegetation cover ratio exceeding 0.40 extended from the first row of sand dunes to the west of the windbreaks located in the sand dune area. In the area in close proximity to the first row of sand dunes, the vegetation cover ratio was 0.51 in 1990 and reached 0.56 in 1995. However, it decreased rapidly to 0.14 by 1996, and since 2000 it has fluctuated within the range of 0.01–0.13.